TIMIT语音库是IT和MIT合作音素级别标注的语音库，用于自动语音识别系统的发展和评估，包括来自美式英语，8个地区方言，630个人。
每个人读10个句子，每个发音都是音素级别、词级别文本标注，16kHz,16bit。
注意：不用使用TIMIT配置作为运行Kaldi的一个通用型例子，因为它不是一个非常标准的结构。
其它的一些配置也是非常好用的。
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librispeech/s5是非常好的，因为它是免费的。
yesno是非常轻量级、快速运行，而且也是免费的。
wsj/s5有一个不普遍的例子脚本，这些脚本可能让人感到疑惑的。
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s5: 单音素、3音素 GMM/HMM系统，用ML训练。接着是SGMM和DNN配置。
基于48个音素完成训练，《Speaker-Independent Phone Recognition Using Hidden Markov Models》。
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执行，修改run.sh里面的timit语音库路径，修改cmd.sh运行的脚本，queue.pl改成本地跑的run.pl，下载安装tools/extra/install_srilm.sh，拷贝irstlm文件夹
到tools目录下，最后运行run.sh.
运行完成后，屏幕打印的内容如下：
============================================================================
Data & Lexicon & Language Preparation 数据、词典、语言准备
============================================================================
wav-to-duration --read-entire-file=true scp:train_wav.scp ark,t:train_dur.ark
LOG (wav-to-duration[5.2.124~1396-70748]:main():wav-to-duration.cc:92) Printed duration for 3696 audio files.
LOG (wav-to-duration[5.2.124~1396-70748]:main():wav-to-duration.cc:94) Mean duration was 3.06336, min and max durations were 0.91525, 7.78881
wav-to-duration --read-entire-file=true scp:dev_wav.scp ark,t:dev_dur.ark
LOG (wav-to-duration[5.2.124~1396-70748]:main():wav-to-duration.cc:92) Printed duration for 400 audio files.
LOG (wav-to-duration[5.2.124~1396-70748]:main():wav-to-duration.cc:94) Mean duration was 3.08212, min and max durations were 1.09444, 7.43681
wav-to-duration --read-entire-file=true scp:test_wav.scp ark,t:test_dur.ark
LOG (wav-to-duration[5.2.124~1396-70748]:main():wav-to-duration.cc:92) Printed duration for 192 audio files.
LOG (wav-to-duration[5.2.124~1396-70748]:main():wav-to-duration.cc:94) Mean duration was 3.03646, min and max durations were 1.30562, 6.21444
Data preparation succeeded
LOGFILE:/dev/null
$bin/ngt -i="$inpfile" -n=$order -gooout=y -o="$gzip -c > $tmpdir/ngram.${sdict}.gz" -fd="$tmpdir/$sdict" $dictionary $additional_parameters >> $logfile 2>&1
$scr/build-sublm.pl $verbose $prune $prune_thr_str $smoothing "$additional_smoothing_parameters" --size $order --ngrams "$gunzip -c $tmpdir/ngram.${sdict}.gz" -sublm $tmpdir/lm.$sdict $additional_parameters >> $logfile 2>&1
inpfile: data/local/lm_tmp/lm_phone_bg.ilm.gz
outfile: /dev/stdout
loading up to the LM level 1000 (if any)
dub: 10000000
OOV code is 50
OOV code is 50
Saving in txt format to /dev/stdout
Dictionary & language model preparation succeeded
Checking data/local/dict/silence_phones.txt ...
--> reading data/local/dict/silence_phones.txt
--> data/local/dict/silence_phones.txt is OKChecking data/local/dict/optional_silence.txt ...
--> reading data/local/dict/optional_silence.txt
--> data/local/dict/optional_silence.txt is OKChecking data/local/dict/nonsilence_phones.txt ...
--> reading data/local/dict/nonsilence_phones.txt
--> data/local/dict/nonsilence_phones.txt is OKChecking disjoint: silence_phones.txt, nonsilence_phones.txt
--> disjoint property is OK.Checking data/local/dict/lexicon.txt
--> reading data/local/dict/lexicon.txt
--> data/local/dict/lexicon.txt is OKChecking data/local/dict/extra_questions.txt ...
--> reading data/local/dict/extra_questions.txt
--> data/local/dict/extra_questions.txt is OK
--> SUCCESS [validating dictionary directory data/local/dict]**Creating data/local/dict/lexiconp.txt from data/local/dict/lexicon.txt
fstaddselfloops data/lang/phones/wdisambig_phones.int data/lang/phones/wdisambig_words.int
prepare_lang.sh: validating output directory
utils/validate_lang.pl data/lang
Checking data/lang/phones.txt ...
--> data/lang/phones.txt is OKChecking words.txt: #0 ...
--> data/lang/words.txt is OKChecking disjoint: silence.txt, nonsilence.txt, disambig.txt ...
--> silence.txt and nonsilence.txt are disjoint
--> silence.txt and disambig.txt are disjoint
--> disambig.txt and nonsilence.txt are disjoint
--> disjoint property is OKChecking sumation: silence.txt, nonsilence.txt, disambig.txt ...
--> summation property is OKChecking data/lang/phones/context_indep.{txt, int, csl} ...
--> 1 entry/entries in data/lang/phones/context_indep.txt
--> data/lang/phones/context_indep.int corresponds to data/lang/phones/context_indep.txt
--> data/lang/phones/context_indep.csl corresponds to data/lang/phones/context_indep.txt
--> data/lang/phones/context_indep.{txt, int, csl} are OKChecking data/lang/phones/nonsilence.{txt, int, csl} ...
--> 47 entry/entries in data/lang/phones/nonsilence.txt
--> data/lang/phones/nonsilence.int corresponds to data/lang/phones/nonsilence.txt
--> data/lang/phones/nonsilence.csl corresponds to data/lang/phones/nonsilence.txt
--> data/lang/phones/nonsilence.{txt, int, csl} are OKChecking data/lang/phones/silence.{txt, int, csl} ...
--> 1 entry/entries in data/lang/phones/silence.txt
--> data/lang/phones/silence.int corresponds to data/lang/phones/silence.txt
--> data/lang/phones/silence.csl corresponds to data/lang/phones/silence.txt
--> data/lang/phones/silence.{txt, int, csl} are OKChecking data/lang/phones/optional_silence.{txt, int, csl} ...
--> 1 entry/entries in data/lang/phones/optional_silence.txt
--> data/lang/phones/optional_silence.int corresponds to data/lang/phones/optional_silence.txt
--> data/lang/phones/optional_silence.csl corresponds to data/lang/phones/optional_silence.txt
--> data/lang/phones/optional_silence.{txt, int, csl} are OKChecking data/lang/phones/disambig.{txt, int, csl} ...
--> 2 entry/entries in data/lang/phones/disambig.txt
--> data/lang/phones/disambig.int corresponds to data/lang/phones/disambig.txt
--> data/lang/phones/disambig.csl corresponds to data/lang/phones/disambig.txt
--> data/lang/phones/disambig.{txt, int, csl} are OKChecking data/lang/phones/roots.{txt, int} ...
--> 48 entry/entries in data/lang/phones/roots.txt
--> data/lang/phones/roots.int corresponds to data/lang/phones/roots.txt
--> data/lang/phones/roots.{txt, int} are OKChecking data/lang/phones/sets.{txt, int} ...
--> 48 entry/entries in data/lang/phones/sets.txt
--> data/lang/phones/sets.int corresponds to data/lang/phones/sets.txt
--> data/lang/phones/sets.{txt, int} are OKChecking data/lang/phones/extra_questions.{txt, int} ...
--> 2 entry/entries in data/lang/phones/extra_questions.txt
--> data/lang/phones/extra_questions.int corresponds to data/lang/phones/extra_questions.txt
--> data/lang/phones/extra_questions.{txt, int} are OKChecking optional_silence.txt ...
--> reading data/lang/phones/optional_silence.txt
--> data/lang/phones/optional_silence.txt is OKChecking disambiguation symbols: #0 and #1
--> data/lang/phones/disambig.txt has "#0" and "#1"
--> data/lang/phones/disambig.txt is OKChecking topo ...Checking word-level disambiguation symbols...
--> data/lang/phones/wdisambig.txt exists (newer prepare_lang.sh)
Checking data/lang/oov.{txt, int} ...
--> 1 entry/entries in data/lang/oov.txt
--> data/lang/oov.int corresponds to data/lang/oov.txt
--> data/lang/oov.{txt, int} are OK--> data/lang/L.fst is olabel sorted
--> data/lang/L_disambig.fst is olabel sorted
--> SUCCESS [validating lang directory data/lang]
Preparing train, dev and test data
utils/validate_data_dir.sh: Successfully validated data-directory data/train
utils/validate_data_dir.sh: Successfully validated data-directory data/dev
utils/validate_data_dir.sh: Successfully validated data-directory data/test
Preparing language models for test
arpa2fst --disambig-symbol=#0 --read-symbol-table=data/lang_test_bg/words.txt - data/lang_test_bg/G.fst
LOG (arpa2fst[5.2.124~1396-70748]:Read():arpa-file-parser.cc:98) Reading \data\ section.
LOG (arpa2fst[5.2.124~1396-70748]:Read():arpa-file-parser.cc:153) Reading \1-grams: section.
LOG (arpa2fst[5.2.124~1396-70748]:Read():arpa-file-parser.cc:153) Reading \2-grams: section.
WARNING (arpa2fst[5.2.124~1396-70748]:ConsumeNGram():arpa-lm-compiler.cc:313) line 60 [-3.26717<s> <s>] skipped: n-gram has invalid BOS/EOS placement
LOG (arpa2fst[5.2.124~1396-70748]:RemoveRedundantStates():arpa-lm-compiler.cc:359) Reduced num-states from 50 to 50
fstisstochastic data/lang_test_bg/G.fst
0.000510126 -0.0763018
utils/validate_lang.pl data/lang_test_bg
Checking data/lang_test_bg/phones.txt ...
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones.txt is OKChecking words.txt: #0 ...
--> data/lang_test_bg/words.txt is OKChecking disjoint: silence.txt, nonsilence.txt, disambig.txt ...
--> silence.txt and nonsilence.txt are disjoint
--> silence.txt and disambig.txt are disjoint
--> disambig.txt and nonsilence.txt are disjoint
--> disjoint property is OKChecking sumation: silence.txt, nonsilence.txt, disambig.txt ...
--> summation property is OKChecking data/lang_test_bg/phones/context_indep.{txt, int, csl} ...
--> 1 entry/entries in data/lang_test_bg/phones/context_indep.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/context_indep.int corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/context_indep.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/context_indep.csl corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/context_indep.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/context_indep.{txt, int, csl} are OKChecking data/lang_test_bg/phones/nonsilence.{txt, int, csl} ...
--> 47 entry/entries in data/lang_test_bg/phones/nonsilence.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/nonsilence.int corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/nonsilence.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/nonsilence.csl corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/nonsilence.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/nonsilence.{txt, int, csl} are OKChecking data/lang_test_bg/phones/silence.{txt, int, csl} ...
--> 1 entry/entries in data/lang_test_bg/phones/silence.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/silence.int corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/silence.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/silence.csl corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/silence.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/silence.{txt, int, csl} are OKChecking data/lang_test_bg/phones/optional_silence.{txt, int, csl} ...
--> 1 entry/entries in data/lang_test_bg/phones/optional_silence.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/optional_silence.int corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/optional_silence.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/optional_silence.csl corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/optional_silence.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/optional_silence.{txt, int, csl} are OKChecking data/lang_test_bg/phones/disambig.{txt, int, csl} ...
--> 2 entry/entries in data/lang_test_bg/phones/disambig.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/disambig.int corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/disambig.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/disambig.csl corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/disambig.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/disambig.{txt, int, csl} are OKChecking data/lang_test_bg/phones/roots.{txt, int} ...
--> 48 entry/entries in data/lang_test_bg/phones/roots.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/roots.int corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/roots.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/roots.{txt, int} are OKChecking data/lang_test_bg/phones/sets.{txt, int} ...
--> 48 entry/entries in data/lang_test_bg/phones/sets.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/sets.int corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/sets.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/sets.{txt, int} are OKChecking data/lang_test_bg/phones/extra_questions.{txt, int} ...
--> 2 entry/entries in data/lang_test_bg/phones/extra_questions.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/extra_questions.int corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/phones/extra_questions.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/extra_questions.{txt, int} are OKChecking optional_silence.txt ...
--> reading data/lang_test_bg/phones/optional_silence.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/optional_silence.txt is OKChecking disambiguation symbols: #0 and #1
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/disambig.txt has "#0" and "#1"
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/disambig.txt is OKChecking topo ...Checking word-level disambiguation symbols...
--> data/lang_test_bg/phones/wdisambig.txt exists (newer prepare_lang.sh)
Checking data/lang_test_bg/oov.{txt, int} ...
--> 1 entry/entries in data/lang_test_bg/oov.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/oov.int corresponds to data/lang_test_bg/oov.txt
--> data/lang_test_bg/oov.{txt, int} are OK--> data/lang_test_bg/L.fst is olabel sorted
--> data/lang_test_bg/L_disambig.fst is olabel sorted
--> data/lang_test_bg/G.fst is ilabel sorted
--> data/lang_test_bg/G.fst has 50 states
fstdeterminizestar data/lang_test_bg/G.fst /dev/null
--> data/lang_test_bg/G.fst is determinizable
--> utils/lang/check_g_properties.pl successfully validated data/lang_test_bg/G.fst
--> utils/lang/check_g_properties.pl succeeded.
--> Testing determinizability of L_disambig . G
fstdeterminizestar
fsttablecompose data/lang_test_bg/L_disambig.fst data/lang_test_bg/G.fst
--> L_disambig . G is determinizable
--> SUCCESS [validating lang directory data/lang_test_bg]
Succeeded in formatting data.
============================================================================
============================================================================
MFCC Feature Extration & CMVN for Training and Test set
============================================================================
steps/make_mfcc.sh --cmd run.pl --mem 4G --nj 10 data/train exp/make_mfcc/train mfcc
utils/validate_data_dir.sh: Successfully validated data-directory data/train
steps/make_mfcc.sh: [info]: no segments file exists: assuming wav.scp indexed by utterance.
Succeeded creating MFCC features for train
steps/compute_cmvn_stats.sh data/train exp/make_mfcc/train mfcc
Succeeded creating CMVN stats for train
steps/make_mfcc.sh --cmd run.pl --mem 4G --nj 10 data/dev exp/make_mfcc/dev mfcc
utils/validate_data_dir.sh: Successfully validated data-directory data/dev
steps/make_mfcc.sh: [info]: no segments file exists: assuming wav.scp indexed by utterance.
Succeeded creating MFCC features for dev
steps/compute_cmvn_stats.sh data/dev exp/make_mfcc/dev mfcc
Succeeded creating CMVN stats for dev
steps/make_mfcc.sh --cmd run.pl --mem 4G --nj 10 data/test exp/make_mfcc/test mfcc
utils/validate_data_dir.sh: Successfully validated data-directory data/test
steps/make_mfcc.sh: [info]: no segments file exists: assuming wav.scp indexed by utterance.
Succeeded creating MFCC features for test
steps/compute_cmvn_stats.sh data/test exp/make_mfcc/test mfcc
Succeeded creating CMVN stats for test
============================================================================
