Dynamics CRM 中Web API中的深度创建(Deep Insert)

我是微软Dynamics 365 & Power Platform方面的工程师罗勇，也是2015年7月到2018年6月连续三年Dynamics CRM/Business Solutions方面的微软最有价值专家(Microsoft MVP)，欢迎关注我的微信公众号 MSFTDynamics365erLuoYong ，回复234或者20161105可方便获取本文，同时可以在第一间得到我发布的最新博文信息，follow me!

以前没有注意到，Web API提供了深度创建的功能，这个功能我简单理解就是具有父子关系(Master-Detail,1:N) 或者N:N关系的两个实体的记录可以通过一个Web API请求来创建。MSDN上的文章 Create an entity using the Web API 有介绍，它的例子是创建一个客户，同时创建这个客户关联的商机，并为刚才创建的商机创建一个任务。

POST [Organization URI]/api/data/v8.2/accounts HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
OData-MaxVersion: 4.0
OData-Version: 4.0
Accept: application/json{
 "name": "Sample Account",
 "primarycontactid":
 {
     "firstname": "John",
     "lastname": "Smith"
 },
 "opportunity_customer_accounts":
 [
  {
      "name": "Opportunity associated to Sample Account",
      "Opportunity_Tasks":
      [
       { "subject": "Task associated to opportunity" }
      ]
  }
 ]
}

我这里用代码也写一个例子吧，创建一个罗勇测试实体，并创建它关联的罗勇测试辅助实体，还创建罗勇测试辅助实体的任务。这个比较难找的就是导航的名称。我这里总结方法如下：首先打开Metadata页面，比如我这里是 https://demo.luoyong.me/api/data/v8.1/$metadata ，用类似 EntitySet Name=”ly_tests” 去搜索，注意ly_tests换成你的实体的复数名称，全是小写。搜索到以后找到 NavigationPropertyBinding 元素的Target属性值为子实体的那个元素，Path属性值(这里是ly_ly_test_ly_testsub_Test)就是需要的。如下图所示：还有一种方法，就是打开实体，在主实体的 1:N 关系中找到那个与子实体的关系，名称属性便是。我这里查到的与任务实体的关系的名称是 ly_testsub_Tasks 。下面就是全部的代码了：

var clientURL = Xrm.Page.context.getClientUrl();
var req = new XMLHttpRequest()
req.open("POST", encodeURI(clientURL + "/api/data/v9.0/ly_tests", false));//true是异步请求，false是同步请求
req.setRequestHeader("Accept", "application/json");
req.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
req.setRequestHeader("OData-MaxVersion", "4.0");
req.setRequestHeader("OData-Version", "4.0");
req.onreadystatechange = function () {
    if (this.readyState == 4 /* complete */) {
        req.onreadystatechange = null;
        if (this.status == 204) {//204代表成功无返回值
            Xrm.Utility.alertDialog("创建成功的罗勇测试实体记录成功,点击确定后会打开当前记录。");
            Xrm.Utility.openEntityForm(Xrm.Page.data.entity.getEntityName(), this.getResponseHeader("OData-EntityId").match(/\w{8}-\w{4}-\w{4}-\w{4}-\w{12}/)[0]);
        }
        else {
            var error = JSON.parse(this.response).error;
            Xrm.Utility.alertDialog("错误：" + error.message);
        }
    }
};
var requestmsg = {};
requestmsg.ly_name = "深度创建的罗勇测试记录";
requestmsg["ly_Lookup@odata.bind"] = "/accounts(CE23165A-3AA3-E511-80C7-000D3A807EC7)";
requestmsg.ly_integer = 10;
requestmsg.ly_ly_test_ly_testsub_Test = [];
requestmsg.ly_ly_test_ly_testsub_Test.push({ 'ly_name': '深度创建的的罗勇测试辅助实体记录1', 'ly_testsub_Tasks': [] });
requestmsg.ly_ly_test_ly_testsub_Test[0].ly_testsub_Tasks.push({ "subject": "深度创建的任务1" });
requestmsg.ly_ly_test_ly_testsub_Test[0].ly_testsub_Tasks.push({ "subject": "深度创建的任务2" });
requestmsg.ly_ly_test_ly_testsub_Test.push({ 'ly_name': '深度创建的的罗勇测试辅助实体记录2' });
req.send(JSON.stringify(requestmsg));

下面代码是C#版本：

                JObject jObject = new JObject(
                    new JProperty("ly_name", "深度创建的罗勇测试记录"),
                    new JProperty("ly_Lookup@odata.bind", "/accounts(CE23165A-3AA3-E511-80C7-000D3A807EC7)"),
                    new JProperty("ly_integer", ),
                    new JProperty("ly_ly_test_ly_testsub_Test", new JArray(
                        new JObject(
                            new JProperty("ly_name", "深度创建的的罗勇测试辅助实体记录1")),
                        new JObject(
                            new JProperty("ly_name", "深度创建的的罗勇测试辅助实体记录2")),
                        new JObject(
                            new JProperty("ly_testsub_Tasks", new JArray(
                                        new JObject(new JProperty("subject", "深度创建的任务1")),
                                        new JObject(new JProperty("subject", "深度创建的任务2"))
                                    )
                                )
                            )
                        )
                    )
                );
                var newRecordGuid = CreateRecordByWebApiAsync(jObject, "incidents").Result;

        private static async Task<Guid> CreateRecordByWebApiAsync(JObject jObject,string webApiUrl)
        {
            HttpMessageHandler messageHandler;
            HttpResponseMessage response;
            Guid returnGuid = Guid.Empty;
            NetworkCredential credentials = new NetworkCredential(userName, passWord);
            messageHandler = new HttpClientHandler() {
                Credentials = credentials
            };
            using (HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(messageHandler))
            {
                httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("OData-MaxVersion", "4.0");
                httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("OData-Version", "4.0");
                httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Accept", "application/json");
                httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
                var content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jObject), Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
                response = await httpClient.PostAsync($"{webAPIBaseUrl}{webApiUrl}", content);
                if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
                {
                    var newRecordUri = response.Headers.GetValues("OData-EntityId").FirstOrDefault();
                    returnGuid = new Guid(newRecordUri.Substring(newRecordUri.Length - , ));
                }
                else
                {
                    var errorMsg = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                    throw new Exception(errorMsg);
                }
            }
            return returnGuid;
        }