第2章 Python基础-字符编码&数据类型 字典 练习题

1.写代码，有如下字典，按照要求实现每一个功能,dic = {‘k1′:’v1′,’k2′:’v2′,’k3’:[11,22,33]}

• 请循环输出所有的 key

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
for k in dic.keys():
    print(k)

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
for k in dic:
    print(k)

• 请循环输出所有的 value

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
for v in dic.values():
    print(v)

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
for k in dic:
    print(dic[k])

• 请循环输出所有的 key 和 value

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
for k in dic.keys():
    print(k,dic[k])

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
for k in dic:
    print(k,dic[k])

• 请在字典中添加一个键值对，’k4′:’v4′,输出添加后的字典

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
dic['k4'] = 'v4' #通过索引添加
print(dic)

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
dic.update({'k4':'v4'}) # 传一个字典
print(dic)

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
dic.update(k4 = "v4") # 传关键字
print(dic)

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
dic.update(zip(['k4'],['v4'])) # 传一个zip函数
print(dic)

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
dic.update([('k4','v4')]) # 传一个包含一个或多个元祖的列表
print(dic)

• 请在修改字典中“k1”对应的值为“alex”，输出修改后的字典

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
dic['k1'] = "alex"
print(dic)

• 请在k3对应的值中追加一个元素44，输出修改后的字典

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
dic['k3'].append("44")
print(dic

• 请在k3对应的值的第1个位置插入个元素18，输出修改后的字典

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
dic['k3'].insert(0,18)
print(dic)

• 请删除字典中键值对，’k1′:’v1’，并输出删除后的字典

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
dic.pop('k1')
print(dic)

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
del dic['k1']
print(dic)

• 请删除字典中的键’k5’对应的键值对，如果字典中不存在键’k5’，则不报错，并且让其返回 None

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
pop_k5 = dic.pop('k5',"None")
print(pop_k5)

• 请获取字典中’k2’对应的值

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
view_k2 = dic['k2']
print(view_k2)

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
view_k2 = dic.get('k2')
print(view_k2)

• 请获取字典中’k6’对应的值，如果键’k6’不存在，则不报错，并且让其返回 None

dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[11,22,33]}
view_k6 = dic.get('k6')
print(view_k6)

2.现有 dic2 = {‘k1′:’v111′,’a’:’b’}通过一行操作使 dic2 = {‘k1′:’v1′,’k2′:’v2′,’k3′:’v3′,’a’,’b’}

dic2 = {'k1':'v111','a':'b'}
dic2.update({'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':'v3'})
print(dic2)

3.组合嵌套题。写代码，有如下列表，按照要求实现每一个功能

lis = [[‘k’,[‘qwe’,20,{‘k1’:[‘tt’,3,’1′]},89],’ab’]]

(1).将列表 lis 中的’tt’变成大写（用两种方式）

lis = [['k',['qwe',20,{'k1':['tt',3,'1']},89],'ab']]
view_list_tt = lis[0][1][2]['k1']
view_tt = lis[0][1][2]['k1'][0]
view_list_tt[0] = view_tt.upper()
print(lis)

lis = [['k',['qwe',20,{'k1':['tt',3,'1']},89],'ab']]
view_list_tt = lis[0][1][2]['k1']
view_tt = lis[0][1][2]['k1'][0]
view_list_tt[0] = view_tt.swapcase()
print(lis)

(2).将列表中的数字 3 变成 字符串 ‘100’（用两种方式）

lis = [['k',['qwe',20,{'k1':['tt',3,'1']},89],'ab']]
view_list_3 = lis[0][1][2]['k1']
view_3 = lis[0][1][2]['k1'][1]
view_list_3[1] = '100'
print(lis)

lis = [['k',['qwe',20,{'k1':['tt',3,'1']},89],'ab']]
lis[0][1][2].update({'k1': ['tt', 100, '1']})
print(lis)

(3).将列表中的字符串’1’变成数字 101 （用两种方式）

lis = [['k',['qwe',20,{'k1':['tt',3,'1']},89],'ab']]
view_list_1 = lis[0][1][2]['k1']
view_1 = lis[0][1][2]['k1'][2]
view_list_1[2] = 101
print(lis)

lis = [['k',['qwe',20,{'k1':['tt',3,'1']},89],'ab']]
lis[0][1][2].update({'k1': ['tt', 3, 101]})
print(lis)

4.按照要求实现以下功能

现有一个列表 li = [1,2,3,’a’,’b’,4,’c’],有一个字典(此字典是动态生成的，你并不知道他里面有多少键值对，所以用 dic = {}模拟此字典)，现在需要完成这样的操作：

如果该字典没有’k1’这个键，那就创建这个’k1’键和其对应的值(该键对应的值设置为空列表),并将列表 li 中的索引位为奇数对应的元素，添加到’k1’这个键对应的空列表中。

如果该字典中有’k1’这个键，且k1对应的value是列表类型，那就将列表 li 中的索引位为偶数对应的元素，添加到’k1’这个键对应的值中。

li = [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 4, 'c']
dic = {} # 没有k1的情况
# dic = {'k1':[]} # 有k1的情况
# dic = {'k1':['e','f']} # 有k1的情况
if 'k1' not in dic:
    li2 = []
    dic.setdefault('k1', li2)
    for i in li:
        if li.index(i) % 2 == 1:
            li2.append(i)
else:
    if type(dic['k1']) == list:
        li2 = dic['k1']
        for i in li:
            if li.index(i) % 2 == 0:
                li2.append(i)
print(dic)