安装pycharm专业版，不要汉化
要想写的代码支持linux和2.0版本需要在开头加上注释
#/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
运算符
结果是值
算数运算
a = 10*10
赋值运算
a = a+1 即a+=1
结果是布尔值（返还真或者假）
比较运算
a = 1>5
逻辑运算
a = 1>6 or 1==1
成员运算
a = “tom” in “l”
基本数据类型
str用法：
首字母变大写
test = "tom"
v = test.capitalize()
print(v)
# 结果：Tom
所有的变小写，有两种方式，casefold和lower
test = "TOM"
v = test.casefold()
v = test.lower()
print(v)
#结果：tom
设置宽度，并将内容居中，*代表吧剩下的20个填充
test = "tom"
v = test.center(20,"*")
print(v)
# 结果：********tom*********
去字符串中寻找，寻找子序列出现的次数
test = "tomtomtomtom"
v = test.count("to")
# print(v)
以什么什么开头什么什么结尾
test = "tomjerry"
v = test.endswith("to") #不是以to结尾，返回值为false
v = test.startswith("to")#是以to开头，返回值为True
print(v)
从开始往后找，找到第一个后，获取其未知
test = "tomjerry"
v = test.find("p")
print(v)
结果为3 从第三个开始出现J如果找不到会返回值-1
test = "tomjerry"
print(test.index("j"))#如果找不到j会报错
格式化，将一个字符串中的占位符替换为指定的值
test = "name{n},age{a}"
v = test.format(n="tom",a=106)
print(v)
结果：nametom,age106
字符串中是否只包含字母和数字
test = "tom19"
v = test.isalnum() 结果为true
print(v)
断句
test = "1234567\t9"
v = test.expandtabs(6)
print(v,len(v))
结果：1234567 9 13
字符串中是否包含字母汉字
test = "汤姆jerry"
v = test.isalpha()
print(v)
结果ture
是否包含数字
test = "二"
v1 = test.isdecimal() #阿拉伯
v2 = test.isdigit() #阿拉伯 ②
v3 = test.isnumeric() #阿拉伯 ② 二
print(v1,v2,v3)
是否存在不可显示的字符
#\t 制表符
#\n 换行
test = "tom\njerry\ttom\njerry\t"
v= test.isprintable()
print(v)
# 结果false 因为存在\n \t
判断是否全是空格
test = " "
v = test.isspace()
print(v)
# 结果true
判断是否是标题
test = "Tom and Jerry"
v1 = test.istitle() # 结果： False
print(v1) # v2 = test.title() #
print(v2) #结果：Tom And Jerry 变成标题格式
v3 = v2.istitle()
print(v3) #结果：ture
将字符串中的每一个元素按照指定分隔符进行拼接
test = "tomjerry"
v= "_".join(test)
print(v)
# 结果：t_o_m_j_e_r_r_y
判断是否全部是大小写 和 转换为大小写
test = "tOM"
v1 = test.islower()
v2 = test.lower()
print(v1, v2)
v1 = test.isupper()
v2 = test.upper()
print(v1,v2)
移除指定字符串
test = "tom"
#v = test.lstrip("t") 去掉t
v= test.strip("")
print(v)
对应关系替换
test = "tomjerry"
test1 = ""
v ="jason,enbo"
m = str.maketrans("tomjerry","")
new_v = v.translate(m)
print(new_v)
分割为三部分
test = "tomjerry"
v = test.partition("e")#('t', 'o', 'mjerry')
v1 = test.rpartition("e")
print(v)
分割为指定个数
test = "tomjerry"
v = test.split("m",2) #'to', 'jerry's=吧m去掉剩下的分为两部分
print(v)
只能根据true false是否保留换行
test = "tom\njerry\nnatasha"
v = test.splitlines(False) #['tom', 'jerry', 'natasha']
print(v)
# test = "backend 1.1.1.1"
# v = test.startswith("b") 是否以b开头
# v = test.endswith("1")是否以1结尾 返回true和false值
# print(v)
大小写转换
# test = "Tom"
# v = test.swapcase() #tOM 大小写转换
# print(v)
字母，数字，下划线
# a = "tom_231"
# v= a.isidentifier() #判断字母数字下划线 true或者false
# print(v)
将指定字符串替换为新的字符串
# test = "tom"
# #v = test.replace("tom","jerry") #将tom替换为jerry
# print(v)
七个常用的：
join split find strip upper lower reolace
for循环：
# name = "tom" #一个一个字符输出 t
# for test in name: o
# print(test) m
# text = [5]
# index = 0
# while index <len(text):
# v = text[index]
# print(v)
# index+=1
# print("========")
索引下标就是 tom 012 中的012就是索引 0对应t 1对应o 2对应m
# text = "tom"
# v = text[2]
# print(v)
切片
# text = "tom" 去除1和2 的值
# v = text[1:3]
# print(v)
获取长度 len 获取当前字符串有几个字符组成
# text = "tom"
# v = len(text) #3个
# print(v)
range获取连续或者不连续的数字 只有for循环的时候才显示
# v = range(0,100,5) #0 5 10 15 20 。。。
# for item in v:
# print(item)
字符串一旦创建不可修改，一旦修改或者拼接，都会重新生成字符串
# text = "tom"
# age = "20"
# info = text + age
# print(info)
# #结果tom20
list列表
# li = [12,34,56,78,"tom"]
# #li.append(5) #追加
# #li.append("jerry")
# li.append([123,456]) #里面再追加列表
# print(li)
#li = ["tom",123,"jerry",123]
# li.clear() #清除整个列表
#v = li.copy()#结果['tom', 123] copy拷贝命令
#v = li.count(123) #计算123出现的次数 2次
#li.extend(["natasha",123]) #扩展
#li = [0,456,789,123]
#v = li.index(123) #获取123的位置，从左到右开始寻找
#li.insert(0,123) #在第一个插入123 0代表第一个
#li.remove(123) #删除123
#li.reverse()#翻转
#li.sort() [列表只能有数字才能排序]
#print(li)
#列表中可以嵌套任何类型:[123,"tom",[0,[tom]]]
#列表中的元素可以是数字，字符串，列表，布尔值。。。。所有的元素
#li = [123,"tom",True,456]
#print(li[3]) #索引取值第四个值
#print(li[0:2]) #切片取值
# for item in li: #也可以循环
# print(item)
# li = [123,"tom",True,456]
# #li[0] = 789 #修改，把123修改成789 0代表第一个
# #del li[0:2] #删除前两个元素，也可以删除第一个
# print(li
字符串转换成列表
# test = "name"
# li = list(test) #结果['n', 'a', 'm', 'e']把字符串指定成列表
# print(li)
列表换成字符串：既有数字又有字符串需要些for循环
# li = [123,"dsdas"]
# r = str(li)
# #print(li)
# s = ""
# for i in li:
# s = s+str(i)# print(s)
#只有字符串的话用join
# li = ["ddd","ddd","ddd"]
# v= "".join(li)
# print(v)
元祖，元素不可修改，不能增加或者删除
# tu = (11,22,33,44)# tu.count(22),获取指定元素在元组中出现的次数
# v = tu.index(22)
# print(v)
索引
# v = tu[0]
# print(v)
切片
# v = tu[0:2]
# print(v)
可以被for循环，可迭代对象
# for item in tu:
# print(item)
转换
# s = "asdfasdf0"
# li = ["asdf","asdfasdf"]
# tu = ("asdf","asdf")
#
# v = tuple(s)
# print(v)# v = tuple(li)
# print(v)# v = list(tu)
# print(v)# v = "_".join(tu)
# print(v)# li = ["asdf","asdfasdf"]
# li.extend((11,22,33,))
# print(li)
元组的一级元素不可修改/删除/增加
# tu = (111,"alex",(11,22),[(33,44)],True,33,44,)
# # 元组，有序。
# # v = tu[3][0][0]
# # print(v)
# # v=tu[3]
# # print(v)
# tu[3][0] = 567
# print(tu)
字典
根据序列，创建字典，并指定统一的值
# v = dict.fromkeys(["k1",123,"999"],123)
# print(v)
删除并获取值
dic = {'k1': 123, 123: 123, '999': 123}
v = dic.pop("k1")
print(v) #获取你删除的值
print(dic)# 删除后的字典
设置值，
已存在，不设置，获取当前key对应的值
不存在，设置，获取当前key对应的值
dic = {'k1': 123, 123: 123, '999': 123}
v = dic.setdefault("k1","123")
print(v,dic)
更新
# dic = {'k1': 123, 123: 123, '999': 123}
# dic.update({"k3":"v3"})
# print(dic)
字典的value可以是任何值
# info = {
# "k1": 18,
# "k2": True,
# "k3": [
# 11,
# [],
# (),
# 22,
# 33,
# {
# 'kk1': 'vv1',
# 'kk2': 'vv2',
# 'kk3': (11,22),
# }
# ],
# "k4": (11,22,33,44)
# }
# print(info)
布尔值(1,0)、列表、字典不能作为字典的key
# info ={
# 1: 'asdf',
# "k1": 'asdf',
# True: "123",
# # [11,22]: 123
# (11,22): 123,
# # {'k1':'v1'}: 123
#
# }
# print(info)
字典无序
# info = {
# "k1": 18,
# "k2": True,
# "k3": [
# 11,
# [],
# (),
# 22,
# 33,
# {
# 'kk1': 'vv1',
# 'kk2': 'vv2',
# 'kk3': (11,22),
# }
# ],
# "k4": (11,22,33,44)
# }
# print(info)
索引方式找到指定元素
#info = {
# "k1": 18,
# 2: True,
# "k3": [
# 11,
# [],
# (),
# 22,
# 33,
# {
# 'kk1': 'vv1',
# 'kk2': 'vv2',
# 'kk3': (11,22),
# }
# ],
# "k4": (11,22,33,44)
# }
# # v = info['k1']
# # print(v)
# # v = info[2]
# # print(v)
# v = info['k3'][5]['kk3'][0]
# print(v)
字典支持 del 删除
# info = {
# "k1": 18,
# 2: True,
# "k3": [
# 11,
# [],
# (),
# 22,
# 33,
# {
# 'kk1': 'vv1',
# 'kk2': 'vv2',
# 'kk3': (11,22),
# }
# ],
# "k4": (11,22,33,44)
# }
# del info['k1']
#
# del info['k3'][5]['kk1']
# print(info
for循环
# dict
# info = {
# "k1": 18,
# 2: True,
# "k3": [
# 11,
# [],
# (),
# 22,
# 33,
# {
# 'kk1': 'vv1',
# 'kk2': 'vv2',
# 'kk3': (11,22),
# }
# ],
# "k4": (11,22,33,44)
# }
# for item in info:
# print(item)
#
# for item in info.keys():
# print(item)# for item in info.values():
# print(item)# for item in info.keys():
# print(item,info[item])# for k,v in info.items():
# print(k,v)# True 1 False 0
# info ={
# "k1": 'asdf',
# True: "123",
# # [11,22]: 123
# (11,22): 123,
# # {'k1':' v1'}: 123
#
# }
# print(info)
整理
# 一、数字
# int(..)
# 二、字符串
# replace/find/join/strip/startswith/split/upper/lower/format
# tempalte = "i am {name}, age : {age}"
# # v = tempalte.format(name='alex',age=19)
# v = tempalte.format(**{"name": 'alex','age': 19})
# print(v)
# 三、列表
# append、extend、insert
# 索引、切片、循环
# 四、元组
# 忽略
# 索引、切片、循环 以及元素不能被修改
# 五、字典
# get/update/keys/values/items
# for,索引# dic = {
# "k1": 'v1'
# }# v = "k1" in dic
# print(v)# v = "v1" in dic.values()
# print(v)
# 六、布尔值
# 0 1
# bool(...)
# None "" () [] {} 0 ==> Fals
