一、图形界面设计
1.新建GUI界面
2.新建空白页
3.命名为”yydsp”，打开界面
4.拖放控件
5.按预定功能修改界面
6.填写Callback函数
未填写前的代码：
function varargout = yydsp(varargin)% YYDSP MATLAB code for yydsp.fig% YYDSP, by itself, creates a new YYDSP or raises the existing% singleton*.%% H = YYDSP returns the handle to a new YYDSP or the handle to% the existing singleton*.%% YYDSP('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local% function named CALLBACK in YYDSP.M with the given input arguments.%% YYDSP('Property','Value',...) creates a new YYDSP or raises the% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are% applied to the GUI before yydsp_OpeningFcn gets called. An% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application% stop. All inputs are passed to yydsp_OpeningFcn via varargin.%% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one% instance to run (singleton)".%% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help yydsp% Last Modified by GUIDE v2. -Oct- ::% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = ;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ... 'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ... 'gui_OpeningFcn', @yydsp_OpeningFcn, ... 'gui_OutputFcn', @yydsp_OutputFcn, ... 'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ... 'gui_Callback', []);}) gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{});endif nargout [varargout{:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});else gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before yydsp is made visible.function yydsp_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin command line arguments to yydsp (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for yydsphandles.output = hObject;% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes yydsp wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = yydsp_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout{} = handles.output;% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4.function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton5.function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton5 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton6.function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton8.function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton9.function pushbutton9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton10.function pushbutton10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton11.function pushbutton11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton11 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton12.function pushbutton12_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton12 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton13.function pushbutton13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton13 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton14.function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton14 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
填写后的代码
1）打开文件部分
[filename,pathname]=uigetfile({'*.*','ALL FILES'},'选择声音');%显示模态对话框，%列出当前文件夹中的文件，如果文件有效，点击打开时会返回文件名，如果点击取消，返回0,])return;endstr=[pathname filename];%合成路径+文件名[temp,Fs]=audioread(str);%读取音频声音temp=temp(:,); %取一行提取矩阵temp1=resample(temp,,);%信号降采样处理handles.y=temp1;%降采样的句柄handles.y1=temp;%y1为原声handles.Fs=Fs;%采样频率guidata(hObject,handles);%存储或检索 UI 数据
程序中，resample为信号降采样处理，理解如下：
B=resample(x,90,250); %
采样从250Hz降到90Hz，如果250在前,就是插值从90到250,可以看B的长度,250Hz采样4000个数据等于90hz采样1440个数据,这就是降采样。
2）播放原声，画时频图
fs=handles.Fs;Y=handles.y1;Y=Y(:,);%取单声道t1=:length(Y);t=t1/fs;sound(Y,fs); %播放原声F = fft(Y);%快速傅里叶变换freq = linspace(-fs/,fs/,length(Y)+);freq(end) = [];plot(handles.axes1,t,Y)xlabel(handles.axes1,'时间');ylabel(handles.axes1,'幅度');title(handles.axes1,'原声音的波形');y1=fft(Y);plot(handles.axes4,abs(y1));xlabel(handles.axes4,'圆频率');ylabel(handles.axes4,'幅度');title(handles.axes4,'未改变坐标轴的频率特性');plot(handles.axes2,freq,abs(fftshift(F)));title(handles.axes2,'原声音的真实频响');xlabel(handles.axes2,'圆频率');ylabel(handles.axes2,'幅度');title(handles.axes2,'频率特性');
3）男声变女声
FL = ; % 帧移WL = ; % 窗长 P = ; %预测系数个数 s = handles.y;fs = handles.Fs;% 定义常数 s = s/max(s); % 归一化 L = length(s); % 读入语音长度 FN = floor(L/FL)-; % 计算帧长，floor；向负无穷方向% 预测和重建滤波器exc = zeros(L,); % 激励信号，double类零矩阵L行1列zi_pre = zeros(P,); % 预测滤波器状态s_rec = zeros(L,); % 重建语音zi_rec = zeros(P,);% 变调滤波器exc_syn_t = zeros(L,); % 合成的激励信号，创建一个L行1列的0脉冲s_syn_t = zeros(L,); % 合成语音last_syn_t = ; % 存储上一个段的最后一个脉冲的下标zi_syn_t = zeros(P,); % 合成滤波器hw = hamming(WL); %汉明窗%滤波器% 依次处理每帧语音:FN %从第三个子数组开始% 计算预测系数s_w = s(n*FL-WL+:n*FL).*hw; %汉明窗加权 [A,E]=lpc(s_w,P); %线性预测计算预测系数% A是预测系数，E会被用来计算合成激励的能量s_f=s((n-)*FL+:n*FL); % 本帧语音%利用filter函数重建语音[exc1,zi_pre] = filter(A,,s_f,zi_pre);exc((n-)*FL+:n*FL) = exc1; %计算激励%利用filter函数重建语音 [s_rec1,zi_rec] = filter(,A,exc1,zi_rec);s_rec((n-)*FL+:n*FL) = s_rec1; %重建语音% 下面只有得到exc后才可以s_Pitch = exc(n*FL-:n*FL); PT(n) = findpitch(s_Pitch); %计算基音周期pt G = sqrt(E*PT(n)); %计算合成激励的能量G PT1 =floor(PT(n)/); %减小基音周期poles = roots(A);deltaOMG =**pi/fs;: %增加共振峰poles(p) = poles(p)*exp(1j*deltaOMG);elseif imag(poles(p))<poles(p) = poles(p)*exp(-1j*deltaOMG);endend A1=poly(poles); tempn_syn_t=(:n*FL-last_syn_t); exc_syn1_t = zeros(length(tempn_syn_t),); exc_syn1_t(mod(tempn_syn_t,PT1)==) = G; exc_syn1_t = exc_syn1_t((n-)*FL-last_syn_t+:n*FL-last_syn_t); [s_syn1_t,zi_syn_t] = filter(,A1,exc_syn1_t,zi_syn_t);exc_syn_t((n-)*FL+:n*FL) = exc_syn1_t; %合成激励s_syn_t((n-)*FL+:n*FL) = s_syn1_t; %合成语音last_syn_t = last_syn_t+PT1*floor((n*FL-last_syn_t)/PT1);endY = s_syn_t;F = fft(Y);freq = linspace(-fs/,fs/,length(Y)+);freq(end) = [];plot(handles.axes4,freq,abs(fftshift(F))); xlabel(handles.axes4,'圆频率'); ylabel(handles.axes4,'幅度'); title(handles.axes4,'频率特性'); handles.y=s_syn_t; guidata(hObject,handles);plot(handles.axes3,s_syn_t); t1=:length(s_syn_t); t=t1/; plot(handles.axes3,t,s_syn_t); title(handles.axes3,'时域图'); xlabel(handles.axes3,'时间'); ylabel(handles.axes3,'幅度'); sound(handles.y,);
4）退出
delete(handles.figure1);
5）快放
fs=handles.Fs;Y=handles.y1;Y=Y(:,);F = fft(Y);freq = linspace(-fs/,fs/,length(Y)+);freq(end) = [];sound(Y,*fs);t1=:length(Y);t=t1/(*fs);plot(handles.axes3,t,Y)title(handles.axes3,'时域图');xlabel(handles.axes3,'时间');ylabel(handles.axes3,'幅度');plot(handles.axes4,freq,abs(fftshift(F)));xlabel(handles.axes4,'圆频率');ylabel(handles.axes4,'幅度');title(handles.axes4,'频率特性');
6）慢放
fs=handles.Fs;Y=handles.y1;Y=Y(:,);sound(Y,0.5*fs);F = fft(Y);freq = linspace(-fs/,fs/,length(Y)+);freq(end) = [];%t1=:length(Y);t=t1/(0.5*fs);plot(handles.axes3,t,Y)title(handles.axes3,'时域图');xlabel(handles.axes3,'时间');ylabel(handles.axes3,'幅度');plot(handles.axes4,freq,abs(fftshift(F)));xlabel(handles.axes4,'圆频率');ylabel(handles.axes4,'幅度');title(handles.axes4,'频率特性');
7）制造回音
fs=handles.Fs;N=length(handles.y1);x1=handles.y1(:N);x2=handles.y1(:N);x1=[x1,zeros(,)];x2=[zeros(,),,)];z=x1+x2;F = fft(z);freq = linspace(-fs/,fs/,length(z)+);freq(end) = [];t1=:length(z);t=t1/fs;plot(handles.axes3,t,z)title(handles.axes3,'含回音波形');xlabel(handles.axes3,'时间');ylabel(handles.axes3,'幅度');plot(handles.axes4,freq,abs(fftshift(F)));xlabel(handles.axes4,'圆频率');ylabel(handles.axes4,'幅度');title(handles.axes4,'频率特性');sound(z,fs);
8）回音还原
fs=handles.Fs;N=length(handles.y1);x1=handles.y1(:N);x2=handles.y1(:N);x3=handles.y1(:N);x1=[x1,zeros(,)];x2=[zeros(,),,)];z=x1+x2;b=;a=zeros(,N);a()=;a()=0.4;z2=filter(b,a,z);F = fft(z2);freq = linspace(-fs/,fs/,length(z2)+);freq(end) = [];t1=:length(z2);t=t1/fs;plot(handles.axes3,t,z2)title(handles.axes3,'滤除回声的波形');xlabel(handles.axes3,'时间');ylabel(handles.axes3,'幅度');plot(handles.axes4,freq,abs(fftshift(F)));xlabel(handles.axes4,'圆频率');ylabel(handles.axes4,'幅度');title(handles.axes4,'频率特性');sound(z2,fs);
9）制造噪声
fs=handles.Fs;x=handles.y1;y=x(:,); %取一行提取矩阵noise=*(:length(y))/fs)+*(:length(y))/fs)... +*(:length(y))/fs);%噪声 10000rad/s++VNnoise=y+noise';%向量维度一致F = fft(VNnoise);freq = linspace(-fs/,fs/,length(VNnoise)+);freq(end) = [];t1=:length(VNnoise);t=t1/fs;plot(handles.axes3,t,VNnoise)xlabel(handles.axes3,'时间');ylabel(handles.axes3,'幅度');title(handles.axes3,'添加噪声的波形');plot(handles.axes4,freq,abs(fftshift(F)));xlabel(handles.axes4,'圆频率');ylabel(handles.axes4,'幅度');title(handles.axes4,'频率特性');sound(VNnoise,fs);
10）滤除噪声
fs=handles.Fs;x=handles.y1;y=x(:,); %取一行提取矩阵noise=*(:length(y))/fs)+*(:length(y))/fs)... +*(:length(y))/fs);%噪声 10000rad/s++VNnoise=y+noise';%向量维度一致%[b,a] = butter(,*/fs,'LOW') ; %巴特沃斯滤波器%result=filter(b,a,VNnoise);Hd = ditong1;%Fdatool滤波result=filter(Hd,x);result=result(:,);sound(result,fs);F = fft(result);freq = linspace(-fs/,fs/,length(result)+);freq(end) = [];t1=:length(result);t=t1/fs;plot(handles.axes3,t,result)xlabel(handles.axes3,'时间');ylabel(handles.axes3,'幅度');title(handles.axes3,'添加噪声的波形');plot(handles.axes4,freq,abs(fftshift(F)));xlabel(handles.axes4,'圆频率');ylabel(handles.axes4,'幅度');title(handles.axes4,'频率特性');
11）左右声道合唱
fs=handles.Fs;sound(original,fs);a1=;a2=-;b1=;b2=-;Soundleft=original(:,);%左声道Soundright=original(:,);%右声道newleft=Soundleft+Soundright; %新的左声道为原来的全部声道newright=b1*Soundleft+b2*Soundright; %新的右声道为原来的左声道－原来的右Sound(:,)=newleft;Sound(:,)=newright;bp=fir1(,[,]/(fs/));cutdown=filter(bp,,Sound);Sound_final=Sound-0.6*abs(cutdown);sound(Sound_final,fs)F = fft(Sound_final);freq = linspace(-fs/,fs/,length(Sound_final)+);freq(end) = [];t1=:length(Sound_final);t=t1/fs;plot(handles.axes3,t,Sound_final)xlabel(handles.axes3,'时间');ylabel(handles.axes3,'幅度');title(handles.axes3,'时域波形');plot(handles.axes4,freq,abs(fftshift(F)));xlabel(handles.axes4,'圆频率');ylabel(handles.axes4,'幅度');title(handles.axes4,'频率特性');
12）反放
fs=handles.Fs;y=handles.y1;M=length(y):-:;rever=y(M);sound(rever,fs);%反播F = fft(rever);freq = linspace(-fs/,fs/,length(rever)+);freq(end) = [];t1=:length(rever);t=t1/fs;plot(handles.axes3,t,rever)xlabel(handles.axes3,'时间');ylabel(handles.axes3,'幅度');title(handles.axes3,'反播的波形');plot(handles.axes4,freq,abs(fftshift(F)));xlabel(handles.axes4,'圆频率');ylabel(handles.axes4,'幅度');title(handles.axes4,'频率特性');
