Docker 安装时会自动在host上创建三个网络，我们可用 docker network ls命令查看：
[root@localhost ~]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
0164da7ee66a bridge bridge local
a4a5d0b84564 host host local
df2c5c066a6a none null local
1、host模式
host模式，使用docker run 时，使用--net=host指定docker使用的网络实际上和宿主机一样，启动容器的时候使用host模式，那么这个容器将不会获得一个独立的Network Namespace，而是和宿主机共用一个Network Namespace。容器将不会虚拟出自己的网卡，配置自己的IP等，而是使用宿主机的IP和端口。但是，容器的其他方面，如文件系统、进程列表等还是和宿主机隔离的。
演示：
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it --rm --net=host --name net1 centos_1 bash
[root@localhost /]# ifconfig
docker0: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80:::5aff:fe52:25a9 prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether ::5a:::a9 txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (43.7 MiB)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (291.6 MiB)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions enp0s3: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 192.168.0.165 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::71bd::36ed:a5df prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether :::::d8 txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (257.4 MiB)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (82.9 MiB)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions lo: flags=<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 :: prefixlen scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen (Local Loopback)
RX packets bytes (259.5 KiB)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (259.5 KiB)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions
2、container模式
container模式，使用--net=container:container_id/container_name多个容器使用共同的网络，这个模式指定新创建的容器和已经存在的一个容器共享一个 Network Namespace，而不是和宿主机共享。新创建的容器不会创建自己的网卡，配置自己的IP，而是和一个指定的容器共享 IP、端口范围等。同样，两个容器除了网络方面，其他的如文件系统、进程列表等还是隔离的。两个容器的进程可以通过lo网卡设备通信。
演示：
①创建一个net2的容器，并查看ip为172.17.0.
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd --name net2 centos_1 bash
b8a14e5e8a670d5680aae830f79267257143397c124d011fbf09b71c59b37e5d
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it net2 bash
[root@b8a14e5e8a67 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 172.17.0.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80:::acff:fe11: prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether ::ac::: txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (648.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (648.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions lo: flags=<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 :: prefixlen scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen (Local Loopback)
RX packets bytes (0.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (0.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions ②创建容器net3，并指定使用container网络模式，查看net3容器的ip为：172.17.0.2
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it --net=container:net2 --name net3 centos_1 bash
[root@b8a14e5e8a67 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 172.17.0.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80:::acff:fe11: prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether ::ac::: txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (648.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (648.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions lo: flags=<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 :: prefixlen scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen (Local Loopback)
RX packets bytes (0.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (0.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions ③查看运行的net2，net3容器，两者id并不相同，但使用container网络模式，进入到net3时，net3容器id会和net2相同
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a795f6825e1e centos_1 "bash" minutes ago Up seconds net3
b8a14e5e8a67 centos_1 "bash" minutes ago Up minutes net2
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it net3 bash
[root@b8a14e5e8a67 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 172.17.0.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80:::acff:fe11: prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether ::ac::: txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (648.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (648.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions lo: flags=<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 :: prefixlen scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen (Local Loopback)
RX packets bytes (0.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (0.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions
3、none模式
none模式，使用--net=none指定这种模式下，不会配置任何网络。使用none模式，Docker容器拥有自己的Network Namespace，但是，并不为Docker容器进行任何网络配置。也就是说，这个Docker容器没有网卡、IP、路由等信息。需要我们自己为Docker容器添加网卡、配置IP等。
演示：
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it --net=none --name net4 centos_1 bash
[root@b12e7ad03af2 /]# ifconfig
lo: flags=<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 :: prefixlen scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen (Local Loopback)
RX packets bytes (0.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (0.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions
4、bridge模式
bridge模式，使用--net=bridge指定默认模式，当Docker进程启动时，会在主机上创建一个名为docker0的虚拟网桥，此主机上启动的Docker容器会连接到这个虚拟网桥上。虚拟网桥的工作方式和物理交换机类似，这样主机上的所有容器就通过交换机连在了一个二层网络中。
从docker0子网中分配一个IP给容器使用，并设置docker0的IP地址为容器的默认网关。在主机上创建一对虚拟网卡veth pair设备，Docker将veth pair设备的一端放在新创建的容器中，并命名为eth0（容器的网卡），另一端放在主机中，以vethxxx这样类似的名字命名，并将这个网络设备加入到docker0网桥中。可以通过brctl show命令查看。
bridge模式是docker的默认网络模式，不写--net参数，就是bridge模式。使用docker run -p时，docker实际是在iptables做了DNAT规则，实现端口转发功能。可以使用iptables -t nat -vnL查看。
演示：
①查看宿主机docker0的虚拟网桥ip为：172.17.0.1
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
docker0: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80:::5aff:fe52:25a9 prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether ::5a:::a9 txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (43.7 MiB)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (291.6 MiB)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions enp0s3: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 192.168.0.165 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::71bd::36ed:a5df prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether :::::d8 txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (258.7 MiB)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (83.1 MiB)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions ②创建net5容器，并使用bridge网络模式。查看ip和网关
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it --name net5 --net=bridge centos_1 bash
[root@a3a6416d08c0 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 172.17.0.3 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80:::acff:fe11: prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether ::ac::: txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (508.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (508.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions lo: flags=<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 :: prefixlen scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen (Local Loopback)
RX packets bytes (0.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (0.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions
[root@a3a6416d08c0 /]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 172.17.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG eth0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U eth0
5、如何自定义docker网络？
我们可通过bridge驱动创建类似前面默认的bridge网络，例如：
[root@localhost ~]# docker network create --driver bridge my_net #创建桥接网络my_net
afb854fd239b26f95265002190f9df88f8b7f66c204085bfd16c6a2b4932f5d9
[root@localhost ~]# brctl show 查看一下当前 host 的网络结构变化
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br-afb854fd239b .02422702f1bc no
docker0 .0242646f882f no veth211fb49
veth709c331
veth8069764
vethfa120d8
增了一个网桥 br-afb854fd239b，这里 br-afb854fd239b 正好新建 bridge 网络 my_net 的短 id。执行 docker network inspect 查看一下 my_net 的配置信息：
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect my_net
[
{
"Name": "my_net",
"Id": "afb854fd239b26f95265002190f9df88f8b7f66c204085bfd16c6a2b4932f5d9",
"Created": "2018-04-21T14:14:15.479906429+08:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "172.18.0.0/16", #这里 172.18.0.0/ 是 Docker 自动分配的 IP 网段。
"Gateway": "172.18.0.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Containers": {},
"Options": {},
"Labels": {}
}
]
指定 --subnet 和--gateway参数自定义ip网段：
[root@localhost ~]# docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.100.0/ --gateway 192.168.100.1 my_net2
889ba4ceb97290e440db559e104db2bf9273854fd789322aaea30b3c76937af6
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect my_net2
[
{
"Name": "my_net2",
"Id": "889ba4ceb97290e440db559e104db2bf9273854fd789322aaea30b3c76937af6",
"Created": "2018-04-21T14:19:15.730480499+08:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "192.168.100.0/24",
"Gateway": "192.168.100.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Containers": {},
"Options": {},
"Labels": {}
}
]
创建了新的 bridge 网络 my_net2，网段为 192.168.100.0/24，网关为 192.168.100.1。与前面一样，网关在 my_net2 对应的网桥 br-889ba4ceb972 上：
[root@localhost ~]# brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br-889ba4ceb972 .02424b2256df no
br-afb854fd239b .02422702f1bc no
docker0 .0242646f882f no veth211fb49
veth709c331
veth8069764
vethfa120d8
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig br-889ba4ceb972
br-889ba4ceb972: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 192.168.100.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
ether ::4b:::df txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (0.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (0.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions
容器要使用新的网络，需要在启动时通过 --network指定，并且还可以使用--ip参数直接指定一个静态ip：
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it --network=my_net2 busybox
/ # ip a
: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc noqueue qlen
link/loopback ::::: brd :::::
inet 127.0.0.1/ scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::/ scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eth0@if117: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu qdisc noqueue
link/ether ::c0:a8:: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.2/ scope global eth0 ##容器被分配的ip为192.168.100.
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80:::c0ff:fea8:/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it --network=my_net2 --ip 192.168.100.100 busybox
/ # ip a
: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc noqueue qlen
link/loopback ::::: brd :::::
inet 127.0.0.1/ scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::/ scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: eth0@if119: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu qdisc noqueue
link/ether ::c0:a8:: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.100/ scope global eth0 ##容器被分配的ip为192.168.100.
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80:::c0ff:fea8:/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever注：只有使用 --subnet 创建的网络才能指定静态 IP。
my_net 创建时没有指定 --subnet，如果指定静态 IP 报错如下：[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it --rm --network=my_net --ip 172.18.0.100 busybox
/usr/bin/docker-current: Error response from daemon: User specified IP address is supported only when connecting to networks with user configured subnets.
6、Docker使用pipework配置容器与宿主机在同一网段
为了使本地网络中的机器和Docker容器更方便的通信，我们经常会有将Docker容器配置到和主机同一网段的需求。这个需求其实很容易实现，我们只要将Docker容器和宿主机的网卡桥接起来，再给Docker容器配上IP就可以了。
（1）新建桥接网卡br0，并进行修改宿主机网卡enp0s3以及br0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-enp0s3 ifcfg-br0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-br0
注：修改TYPE=Bridge,DEVICE=br0,NAME=br0
TYPE=Bridge
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yesPEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=br0
#UUID=faa61166-b507--b055-2c6284de3981
DEVICE=br0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.0.165
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
NATMASK=255.255.255.0
DNS1=8.8.8.8
#NM_CONTROLLED=no[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-enp0s3
注：增加BRIDGE=br0，删除IPADDR,GATEWAY,NETMASK,DNS
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=enp0s3
#UUID=faa61166-b507--b055-2c6284de3981
DEVICE=enp0s3
ONBOOT=yes
#IPADDR=192.168.0.165
#GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
#NATMASK=255.255.255.0
#DNS1=8.8.8.8
#NM_CONTROLLED=no
BRIDGE=br0
（2）重启网络，查看br0的ip地址，以及enp0s3是否未分配ip地址，表示成功
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifconfig
br0: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 192.168.0.165 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::ca01:a411:fb77:c348 prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether :::::d8 txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (3.4 KiB)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (2.2 KiB)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions docker0: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
ether ::7e:ec:e1:e6 txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (0.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (0.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions enp0s3: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
ether :::::d8 txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (314.1 KiB)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (178.2 KiB)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions lo: flags=<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 :: prefixlen scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen (Local Loopback)
RX packets bytes (7.7 KiB)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (7.7 KiB)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions
（3）下载pipework
[root@localhost ~]# git clone https://github.com/jpetazzo/pipework
Cloning into 'pipework'...
remote: Counting objects: , done.
remote: Total (delta ), reused (delta ), pack-reused
Receiving objects: % (/), 172.97 KiB | 4.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: % (/), done.
（4）拷贝pipework二进制文件到/usr/local/bin下，运行一个容器并使用none网络模式
[root@localhost ~]# cp pipework/pipework /usr/local/bin/
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd --net=none --name pipework centos_nginx bash
ab88e2159ce32408154a776c1c62cf1af170fa8ce4d01908da6175f01b6c787d
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ab88e2159ce3 centos_nginx "bash" seconds ago Up seconds pipework
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it pipework bash
[root@ab88e2159ce3 /]# ifconfig
lo: flags=<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 :: prefixlen scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen (Local Loopback)
RX packets bytes (0.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (0.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions
[root@ab88e2159ce3 /]# exit
exit
（5）使用pipework进行配置容器pipework的ip地址，166为容器的ip地址，@后面的ip为容器网关，配置完毕进入容器进行查看
[root@localhost ~]# pipework br0 pipework 192.168.0.166/@192.168.0.1
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it pipework bash
[root@ab88e2159ce3 /]# ifconfig
eth1: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 192.168.0.166 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::340c:ebff:fe50:1ba3 prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether :0c:eb::1b:a3 txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (10.2 KiB)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (732.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions lo: flags=<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 :: prefixlen scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen (Local Loopback)
RX packets bytes (0.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (0.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions
（6）windows和linux下验证容器pipework的网络连通性
[root@ab88e2159ce3 /]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (14.215.177.39) () bytes of data.
bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq= ttl= time=8.29 ms
bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq= ttl= time=8.09 ms
bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq= ttl= time=8.43 ms
bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq= ttl= time=8.12 ms
bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq= ttl= time=8.80 ms
bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq= ttl= time=8.51 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
packets transmitted, received, % packet loss, time 5007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 8.094/8.378/8.805/0.249 ms
（7）通过pipework配置网络，配置web服务
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd --privileged -e "container=docker" --name pipework --net=none centos_nginx /usr/sbin/init
aa85a59dc347633fcd9a2b5206eaed619451c52f299d2505c32df2b6d1ce7521
[root@localhost ~]# pipework br0 pipework 192.168.0.166/@192.168.0.1
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it pipework bash
[root@aa85a59dc347 /]# ifconfig
eth1: flags=<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu
inet 192.168.0.166 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::a00d:aff:fec2:a59d prefixlen scopeid 0x20<link>
ether a2:0d:0a:c2:a5:9d txqueuelen (Ethernet)
RX packets bytes (20.6 KiB)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (774.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions lo: flags=<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 :: prefixlen scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen (Local Loopback)
RX packets bytes (0.0 B)
RX errors dropped overruns frame
TX packets bytes (0.0 B)
TX errors dropped overruns carrier collisions [root@aa85a59dc347 /]# systemctl start nginx
[root@aa85a59dc347 /]# netstat -tulnp |grep nginx
tcp 0.0.0.0: 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN /nginx: master pr
tcp6 ::: :::* LISTEN /nginx: master pr
[root@aa85a59dc347 /]# ps -ef |grep nginx
root : ? :: nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx
nginx : ? :: nginx: worker process
root : ? :: grep --color=auto nginx
