因为公司有个需求需要获取客户端的真实IP，前端是haproxy，后面是nginx，本来这个需求不难完成，但是难就难在是https请求也就是ssl
由于个人水平有限，在网上爬了很多资料，刚开始的ha是通过tcp代理443端口的，但是无法转发7层的X-Forwarded-For到后面的nginx，那么后面的ng肯定拿不到真实IP了
怎么办呢，网上爬资料
第一在HA上做ssl中断，中断后https协议就变成http协议了这样可以转发到后面nginx上，后面nginx不需要用ssl，但是问题来了，弄好页面出了点问题，并且暂时没法解决，只好暂时作罢
这条路行不通怎么办，那就用nginx做负载吧，谁让自己Low呢，nginx总在7层了吧
说干就干，安装nginx，配置下配置文件，启动，走起
主配置文件如下：
user www www;
worker_processes ; error_log /data/logs/nginx/error.log;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid; #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile ; events {
use epoll;
worker_connections ;
} http
{
include mime.types;
#include proxy.conf;
default_type application/octet-stream; server_names_hash_bucket_size ;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 32k;
client_max_body_size 300m;
#client_max_body_size 32m; #limit_req_zone $baidu_spider zone=baidu_spider:10m rate=15r/m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout ; tcp_nodelay on;
#ssi on;
#ssi_silent_errors on;
#ssi_types text/shtml; fastcgi_connect_timeout ;
fastcgi_send_timeout ;
fastcgi_read_timeout ;
fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
fastcgi_buffers 128k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
proxy_headers_hash_max_size 51200;
46 proxy_headers_hash_bucket_size 6400;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 2k;
gzip_buffers 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level ;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
log_format access '$remote_addr,$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for,$http_x_forwarded_for,$remote_user,$time_local,$host,$request,$status,$http_referer,$HTTP_X_UP_CALLING_LINE_ID,$request_time,$http_user_agent $upstream_addr $upstream_response_time $upstream_cache_status';
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_x_forwarded_for" "$http_user_agent"'; #upstream backend {
# server 127.0.0.1: weight= max_fails= fail_timeout=30s;
#} include conf.d/*; }
然后我们配置子配置文件：
upstream ihouse443{
server 10.0.30.37: max_fails= fail_timeout= weight=;
server 10.0.30.38: max_fails= fail_timeout= weight=;
server 10.0.30.39: max_fails= fail_timeout= weight=; } server {
listen ;
server_name www.abc.com;
access_log /data/logs/nginx/abc_access.log access;
error_log /data/logs/nginx/abc_error.log ;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /data/ifengsite/htdocs/abc.sss.com.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /data/ifengsite/htdocs/abc.sss.com.key; ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!DH;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1. TLSv1.; #location /stub_status {
# stub_status;
#} location / {
proxy_pass https://ihouse443;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
#proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $http_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
proxy_max_temp_file_size ;
proxy_connect_timeout ;
proxy_send_timeout ;
proxy_read_timeout ;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
#include fastcgi_params;
}
} server {
listen ;
server_name *.abc.def.com;
access_log /data/logs/nginx/ihouse_access1.log access;
error_log /data/logs/nginx/ihouse_error.log ;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /data/ifengsite/htdocs/_.sss.xxx.com.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /data/ifengsite/htdocs/_.sss.xxx.com.key;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!DH;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1. TLSv1.;
location / {
proxy_pass https://ihouse443;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
#proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $http_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
proxy_max_temp_file_size ;
proxy_connect_timeout ;
proxy_send_timeout ;
proxy_read_timeout ;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
#include fastcgi_params;
}
}
然后启动nginx，去后面的ng上一看，哎怎么没真实IP呢？都是内网IP
后来在网上找了点 资料，如下解释，这是摘抄的
下面来分析请求头到达Nginx负载均衡服务器的情况；在默认情况下，Nginx并不会对X-Forwarded-For头做任何的处理，除非用户使用proxy_set_header 参数设置：
- proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for变量包含客户端请求头中的”X-Forwarded-For”，与$remote_addr用逗号分开，如果没有”X-Forwarded-For” 请求头，则$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for等于$remote_addr。$remote_addr变量的值是客户端的IP。
当Nginx设置X-Forwarded-For于$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for后会有两种情况发生：
1、如果从CDN过来的请求没有设置X-Forwarded-For头（通常这种事情不会发生），而到了我们这里Nginx设置将其设置为$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for的话，X-Forwarded-For的信息应该为CDN的IP，因为相对于Nginx负载均衡来说客户端即为CDN，这样的话，后端的web程序时死活也获得不了真实用户的IP的。
2、CDN设置了X-Forwarded-For，我们这里又设置了一次，且值为$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for的话，那么X-Forwarded-For的内容变成 ”客户端IP,Nginx负载均衡服务器IP“如果是这种情况的话，那后端的程序通过X-Forwarded-For获得客户端IP，则取逗号分隔的第一项即可。
如上两点所说，如果我们知道了CDN设置了X-Forwarded-For信息，且只有客户端真实的IP的话，那么我们的Nginx负载均衡服务器可以不必理会该头，让它默认即可。
其实Nginx中还有一个$http_x_forwarded_for变量，这个变量中保存的内容就是请求中的X-Forwarded-For信息。如果后端获得X-Forwarded-For信息的程序兼容性不好的话（没有考虑到X-Forwarded-For含有多个IP的情况），最好就不要将X-Forwarded-For设置为 $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for。应该设置为$http_x_forwarded_for或者干脆不设置！
#########################################################################################################
找到了以上内容，然后就测试
首先上面配置文件蓝色内容是后来加上去的，红色内容是原本就有的
蓝色的配置加上去后，红色的注释掉后，后端的nginx就可以获取真实IP了，具体原理就是上面所说的但是我还是不太明白，后续还要好好研究下。
附上后端nginx的配置
user www www;
worker_processes ; error_log /data/logs/nginx/error.log;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid; #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile ; events {
use epoll;
worker_connections ;
} http
{
include mime.types;
#include proxy.conf;
default_type application/octet-stream; server_names_hash_bucket_size ;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 32k;
client_max_body_size 300m;
#client_max_body_size 32m; #limit_req_zone $baidu_spider zone=baidu_spider:10m rate=15r/m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout ; tcp_nodelay on;
#ssi on;
#ssi_silent_errors on;
#ssi_types text/shtml; fastcgi_connect_timeout ;
fastcgi_send_timeout ;
fastcgi_read_timeout ;
fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
fastcgi_buffers 128k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on;
gzip_min_length 2k;
gzip_buffers 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level ;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
log_format access '$remote_addr,$http_x_forwarded_for,$remote_user,$time_local,$host,$request,$status,$http_referer,$HTTP_X_UP_CALLING_LINE_ID,$request_time,$http_user_agent $upstream_addr $upstream_response_time $upstream_cache_status';
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_x_forwarded_for" "$http_user_agent"'; #upstream backend {
# server 127.0.0.1: weight= max_fails= fail_timeout=30s;
#} include conf.d/*; }
子配置文件
upstream ihouse443{
server 10.0.30.38: max_fails= fail_timeout= weight=;
server 10.0.30.38: max_fails= fail_timeout= weight=;
server 10.0.10.50: max_fails= fail_timeout= weight=;}server {
listen ;
server_name www.abc.com;
access_log /data/logs/nginx/sss_access.log access;
error_log /data/logs/nginx/ihouse_error.log ;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /data/ifengsite/htdocs/ss.xx.com.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /data/ifengsite/htdocs/ssxx.com.key; ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!DH;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1. TLSv1.; #location /stub_status {
# stub_status;
#} location / {
proxy_pass https://ihouse443;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
#proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $http_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
proxy_max_temp_file_size ;
proxy_connect_timeout ;
proxy_send_timeout ;
proxy_read_timeout ;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
#include fastcgi_params;
}
}
后端nginx不需要配置
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
