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技术 2022年11月21日
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前言

项目使用SSM框架搭建Web后台服务,前台后使用restful api,后台使用MyBatisGenerator自动生成代码,在前台使用关键字进行查询时,遇到了一些很宝贵的坑,现记录如下。为展示所遇问题,将项目进行了精简。

项目框架

后台框架

后台框架选型为Spring + SpringMVC + Mybatis + Jetty,其中使用MyBatisGenerator创建代码,Jetty为内嵌的Web服务器。

项目代码

代码已上传至github

项目介绍

数据准备

创建库ssm和表users,其中创建表usersSQL如下。


CREATE TABLE `users` (
`id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
`address` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
`hobby` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
`content` text,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1insert into users(name, address, hobby, content) values("leesf", "hubei", "sport, race", "he is a boy");
insert into users(name, address, hobby, content) values("dyd", "hubei", "painting, reading", "she is a girl");

自动生成代码框架

使用MyBatisGenerator自动生成相应代码,其源码如下。


package com.leesf;import org.junit.Test;
import org.mybatis.generator.api.MyBatisGenerator;
import org.mybatis.generator.config.Configuration;
import org.mybatis.generator.config.xml.ConfigurationParser;
import org.mybatis.generator.internal.DefaultShellCallback;import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;public class MybatisGenerator {
@Test public void generator() throws Exception {
List<String> warnings = new ArrayList<String>();
File configFile = new File(
"F:/01_Code/01_Idea/ssm-master/src/test/generatorConfig.xml");
ConfigurationParser cp = new ConfigurationParser(warnings);
Configuration config = cp.parseConfiguration(configFile);
DefaultShellCallback callback = new DefaultShellCallback(true);
MyBatisGenerator myBatisGenerator =
new MyBatisGenerator(config, callback, warnings);
myBatisGenerator.generate(null);
}
}

其中generatorConfig.xml文件如下。


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd"><generatorConfiguration>
<!-- <context> 元素用于指定生成一组对象的环境。 子元素用于指定要连接到的数据库、 要生成对象的类型和要内省的表 -->
<context id="testTables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
<commentGenerator>
<!-- 是否去除自动生成的注释 true:是 : false:否 -->
<property name="suppressAllComments" value="true"/>
</commentGenerator>
<!--数据库连接的信息:驱动类、连接地址、用户名、密码 -->
<jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"
userId="root"
password="">
</jdbcConnection> <!-- 默认false,把JDBC DECIMAL 和 NUMERIC 类型解析为 Integer,为 true时把JDBC DECIMAL 和
NUMERIC 类型解析为java.math.BigDecimal -->
<javaTypeResolver>
<property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false"/>
</javaTypeResolver> <!-- targetProject:生成PO类的位置
注意对于targetProject:In other environments(other than Eclipse),
this value should be an existing directory on the local file system.
即对于非eclipse项目需要指定绝对路径
-->
<javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.leesf.po"
targetProject="F:/01_Code/01_Idea/ssm-master/src/main/java">
<!-- enableSubPackages:是否让schema作为包的后缀 -->
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="false"/>
<!-- 从数据库返回的值被清理前后的空格 -->
<property name="trimStrings" value="true"/>
</javaModelGenerator> <!-- targetProject:mapper映射文件生成的位置 -->
<sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="com.leesf.mapper"
targetProject="F:/01_Code/01_Idea/ssm-master/src/main/java">
<!-- enableSubPackages:是否让schema作为包的后缀 -->
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="false"/>
</sqlMapGenerator> <!-- targetPackage:mapper接口生成的位置 -->
<javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER"
targetPackage="com.leesf.mapper"
targetProject="F:/01_Code/01_Idea/ssm-master/src/main/java">
<!-- enableSubPackages:是否让schema作为包的后缀 -->
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="false"/>
</javaClientGenerator> <!-- 指定数据库表 -->
<table tableName="users"></table> <!-- <table schema="" tableName="sys_user"></table>
<table schema="" tableName="sys_role"></table>
<table schema="" tableName="sys_permission"></table>
<table schema="" tableName="sys_user_role"></table>
<table schema="" tableName="sys_role_permission"></table> --> <!-- 有些表的字段需要指定java类型
<table schema="" tableName="">
<columnOverride column="" javaType="" />
</table> -->
</context>
</generatorConfiguration>

WebServer

WebServer为Web容器,其源码如下。


package com.leesf.main;import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Connector;
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server;
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.ExecutorThreadPool;
import org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;public class WebServer {
public static final String CONTEXT = "/";
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebServer.class);
private static final String DEFAULT_WEBAPP_PATH = "webapps/";
private Server server;
private int port; public WebServer() {
} public Server createServerInSource() throws UnknownHostException {
port = 8081;
server = new Server();
server.setStopAtShutdown(true);
SelectChannelConnector connector = new SelectChannelConnector();
connector.setPort(port);
connector.setReuseAddress(false); connector.setAcceptQueueSize(50);
connector.setAcceptors(2);
connector.setThreadPool(
new ExecutorThreadPool(20,
40, 0, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(
16, false)));
connector.setLowResourcesMaxIdleTime(3000); connector.setReuseAddress(true);
connector.setRequestBufferSize(
16 * 1024);
connector.setRequestHeaderSize(
8 * 1024); server.setConnectors(new Connector[] { connector }); String basePath = "src/main/webapps";
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(basePath)) {
basePath = DEFAULT_WEBAPP_PATH;
}
WebAppContext webContext = new WebAppContext(basePath, CONTEXT);
webContext.setContextPath(CONTEXT);
webContext.setDescriptor(basePath + "/WEB-INF/web.xml");
System.out.println("-------------web.xml path is " + webContext.getDescriptor()
+ "--------------");
webContext.setResourceBase(basePath);
webContext.setClassLoader(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
server.setHandler(webContext);
return server;
} public void start() throws Exception {
if (server == null) {
createServerInSource();
}
if (server != null) {
server.start();
LOG.info("WebServer has started at port:" + port);
}
} public void stop() throws Exception {
if (server != null) {
server.stop();
}
} public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
WebServer webServer = new WebServer();
webServer.start();
}
}

使用内嵌Jetty方式提供Web服务,只做演示,其中参数并未进行调优处理。

Controller

只存在UserController,其源码如下。


package com.leesf.controller;import com.leesf.po.Users;
import com.leesf.service.UserService;
import com.leesf.utils.ResultUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.util.List;@Controller @RequestMapping(value = "/users")
public class UserController {
@Autowired UserService userService; @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = "/listUsers", method = {
RequestMethod.POST, RequestMethod.GET }) public void listUsers(
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
@RequestParam(required = false) String name,
@RequestParam(required = false) String key) throws Exception {
System.out.println("xxxxxx");
OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(response.getOutputStream());
List<Users> users = userService.getUsers(name, key);
ResultUtils.resultSuccess(users, out);
}
}

可以根据用户名字和关键字查询用户。

Service

UserServiceImpUserService的实现类。

  1. 根据用户名查询指定记录

其源码如下。


package com.leesf.service.impl;import com.leesf.mapper.UsersMapper;
import com.leesf.po.Users;
import com.leesf.po.UsersExample;
import com.leesf.service.UserService;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;@Service("userService") public class UserServiceImp implements UserService {
@Autowired UsersMapper usersMapper;
private Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); public List<Users> getUsers(String name, String key) {
UsersExample usersExample = new UsersExample(); usersExample.createCriteria().andNameLike(name); List<Users> users = usersMapper.selectByExampleWithBLOBs(usersExample);
return users;
}
}

可以看到,该Service根据name查找匹配name的记录,启动WebServer,访问http://localhost:8081/users/listUsers?name=sport,查看编译器运行的信息,发现构造了如下SQL语句,

select id, name, address, hobby , content from users WHERE ( name like ? )

url访问结果如下:


{
result_code: "0",
result_msg: "Succeed!",
result_content: [{
id: 1,
name: "leesf",
address: "hubei",
hobby: "sport, race",
content: "he is a boy"
}]
}
  1. 根据用户名和关键字查询指定记录

其源码如下


package com.leesf.service.impl;import com.leesf.mapper.UsersMapper;
import com.leesf.po.Users;
import com.leesf.po.UsersExample;
import com.leesf.service.UserService;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;@Service("userService") public class UserServiceImp implements UserService {
@Autowired UsersMapper usersMapper;
private Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); public List<Users> getUsers(String name, String key) {
UsersExample usersExample = new UsersExample(); if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(key)) {
usersExample.or().andAddressLike(key);
usersExample.or().andHobbyLike(key);
} if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(name)) {
if (usersExample.getOredCriteria().size() == 0){
usersExample.createCriteria();
}
usersExample.getOredCriteria().get(0).andNameEqualTo(name);
} List<Users> users = usersMapper.selectByExampleWithBLOBs(usersExample);
return users;
}
}

key可以匹配address或者hobby,而name必须要匹配name,也就是希望构造这样的一条查询SQLselect * from users where (address like "%sport%" or hobby like "%sport%") and name = "leesf"

启动WebServer,访问http://localhost:8081/users/listUsers?key=sport&name=leesf

结果如下


{
result_code: "0",
result_msg: "Succeed!",
result_content: []
}

可以看到访问结果中result_content为空,查看运行日志,发现如下SQL语句


select id, name, address, hobby , content from users WHERE ( address like ? and name = ? ) or( hobby like ? )

程序实际构造的SQL并非之前所想的那样,此时查阅资料,发现MyBatis自动生成代码还不支持纯生的(a or b) and c 这样的SQL语句,需要进行等价变化,即(a or b) and c = (a and c) or (b and c),具体可查看如下链接,按照这样的思路进行如下修改。


public List<Users> getUsers(String name, String key) {
UsersExample usersExample = new UsersExample(); if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(key)) {
usersExample.or().andAddressLike(key);
usersExample.or().andHobbyLike(key);
} if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(name)){
if (usersExample.getOredCriteria().size() == 0){
usersExample.createCriteria();
}
usersExample.getOredCriteria().get(0).andNameEqualTo(name);
usersExample.getOredCriteria().get(1).andNameEqualTo(name);
} List<Users> users = usersMapper.selectByExampleWithBLOBs(usersExample);
return users;
}

此时,再次查询,发现还是没有结果,查看运行时信息发现如下SQL

select id, name, address, hobby , content from users WHERE ( address like ? and name = ? ) or( hobby like ? and name = ? ),看似SQL语句没有任何问题,但是就是出不来结果,like和前面也是一样的,百思不得其解,继续查阅资料也无解,后面尝试对like添加%处理,修改如下。


public List<Users> getUsers(String name, String key) {
UsersExample usersExample = new UsersExample(); if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(key)) {
usersExample.or().andAddressLike("%" + key + "%");
usersExample.or().andHobbyLike("%" + key + "%");
} if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(name)) {
if (usersExample.getOredCriteria().size() == 0){
usersExample.createCriteria();
}
usersExample.getOredCriteria().get(0).andNameEqualTo(name);
usersExample.getOredCriteria().get(1).andNameEqualTo(name);
} List<Users> users = usersMapper.selectByExampleWithBLOBs(usersExample);
return users;
}

重新运行并访问url,得到如下结果:


{
result_code: "0",
result_msg: "Succeed!",
result_content: [{
id: 1,
name: "leesf",
address: "hubei",
hobby: "sport, race",
content: "he is a boy"
}]
}

在配合or使用的情况下,like必须显示添加%才能生效,虽然按照这种等价的方式可以进行处理,还是有些麻烦,特别是当or字段非常多的时候,处理比较麻烦,如(a or b or c or d) and e,其需要处理成(a and e) or (b and e) or (c and e) or (d and e),继续查阅资料,看是否有更为简便的写法,在stackoverflow上发现有这样的处理方式,进行如下改造。


public List<Users> getUsers(String name, String key) {
UsersExample usersExample = new UsersExample(); if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(key)) {
Map<String, String> maps = new HashMap<String, String>();
maps.put("address", key);
maps.put("hobby", key);
usersExample.createCriteria().multiColumnOrLike(maps);
} if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(name)) {
if (usersExample.getOredCriteria().size() == 0){
usersExample.createCriteria();
}
usersExample.getOredCriteria().get(0).andNameEqualTo(name);
} List<Users> users = usersMapper.selectByExampleWithBLOBs(usersExample);
return users;
}

修改UserExample.javaCriteria如下。


public static class Criteria extends GeneratedCriteria { protected Criteria() {
super();
} public Criteria multiColumnOrLike(Map<String, String> maps) {
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
stringBuffer.append("( ");
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : maps.entrySet()) {
stringBuffer.append(entry.getKey());
stringBuffer.append(" like ");
stringBuffer.append("\"%");
stringBuffer.append(entry.getValue());
stringBuffer.append("%\"");
stringBuffer.append(" or ");
} int index = stringBuffer.lastIndexOf("or");
stringBuffer.delete(index, stringBuffer.length());
stringBuffer.append(")");
addCriterion(stringBuffer.toString());
return this;
}
}

再次启动运行,结果如下。


{
result_code: "0",
result_msg: "Succeed!",
result_content: [{
id: 1,
name: "leesf",
address: "hubei",
hobby: "sport, race",
content: "he is a boy"
}]
}

总结

可以看到使用MyBatisGenerator自动生成代码时,需要注意如下可能出现的坑。

  • 当进行(a or b) and c查询时,可通过转变为(a and c) or (b and c)方式进行查询,但个人认为更好的方法是修改Example文件,进行定制化的查询处理。
  • 单独使用andxxxLike时,不需要添加"%"处理,而配合or时,必须添加"%"才行。
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