Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection 之三：展开测试

目录

• 前文回顾
  • IServiceCallSite
  • CallSiteFactory
  • ServiceProviderEngine
  • CompiledServiceProviderEngine
  • DynamicServiceProviderEngine
• 测试参数
  • -m|method
  • -t|target
  • -n|number
  • -c|cache
  • -l|loop
• 启动测试
• 测试结果
  • 反射
  • 表达式树
  • Emit 与表达式差异不大
  • 开销对比

前文回顾

Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjection 之一：解析实现 提到了 Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjection 包含以下核心组件。

IServiceCallSite

组件实例化上下文，包含许多实现，仅列举其中的ConstantCallSite，CreateInstanceCallSite，ConstructorCallSite如下。

ConstructorCallSite既是IServiceCallSite的实现类，又复合引用IServiceCallSite，以表达自身参数的构建形式。

组件生命周期也使用IServiceCallSite表达，它们既从IServiceCallSite继承，也引用IServiceCallSite。

CallSiteFactory

当组件需要被实例化时，CallSiteFactory从维护的ServiceDescriptor查找注入方式，对类型注入的组件使用反射解析其构造函数，并递归解析其参数，最后缓存得到的IServiceCallSite实例。

ServiceProviderEngine

ServiceProviderEngine是抽象类，内部依赖CallSiteRuntimeResolver完成基于反射的组件实例化，并缓存了组件实例化的委托。

CompiledServiceProviderEngine

CompiledServiceProviderEngine从ServiceProviderEngine继承，内部依赖ExpressionResolverBuilder完成基于表达式树的组件实例化的委托。

DynamicServiceProviderEngine

DynamicServiceProviderEngine从CompiledServiceProviderEngine继承，它创建的委托比较特殊：

• 该委托第1次执行实际是 ServiceProviderEngine 内部的CallSiteRuntimeResolver调用
• 该委托第2次执行时开启异步任务，调用CompiledServiceProviderEngine内部的ExpressionResolverBuilder编译出委托并覆盖ServiceProviderEngine内部缓存。

为了印证该逻辑，这里使用 LINQPad 6 进行探索，该代码可以在控制台中运行，但部分语句仅在 LINQPad 中生效。

void Main() {    var services = new ServiceCollection()        https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/AddTransient<IFoo1, Foo1>()        https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/BuildServiceProvider();    var engine = ReflectionExtensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetNonPublicField(services, "_engine");    var realizedServices = (Systemhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Collectionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/IDictionary)ReflectionExtensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetNonPublicProperty(engine, "RealizedServices");    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {        serviceshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetRequiredService<IFoo1>(); //组件实例化        foreach (DictionaryEntry item in realizedServices) {            var title = Stringhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Format("Loop {0}, type {1}, hash {2}", i, ((Type)itemhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Key)https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/FullName, itemhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Valuehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetHashCode());            itemhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Valuehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Dump(title, depth: 2); //仅被 LINQPad 支持        }        Threadhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Sleep(10); //确保异步任务完成    }}class ReflectionExtensions {    public static Object GetNonPublicField(Object instance, String name) {        var type = instancehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetType();        var field = typehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetField(name, BindingFlagshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/NonPublic | BindingFlagshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Instance);        return fieldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetValue(instance);    }    public static Object GetNonPublicProperty(Object instance, String name) {        var type = instancehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetType();        var property = typehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetProperty(name, BindingFlagshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/NonPublic | BindingFlagshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Instance);        return propertyhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetValue(instance);    }}interface IFoo1 {    void Hello();}class Foo1 : IFoo1 {    public void Hello() {        Consolehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/WriteLine("Foo1https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Hello()");    }}

运行该脚本，可以看到

• 第1次和第2次组件实例化，委托相同，hash 值都是 688136691，都是Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ServiceLookuphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DynamicServiceProviderEngine的内部委托；
• 第1次和第2次组件实例化的 callSite计数从1谈到2；
• 第3次组件实例例，委托变成了Systemhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Object lambda_method(https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/)，hash 值变成了 1561307880；

LINQPad 5 运行该脚本未能看到 hash 值变化，猜测是优化相关所致，考虑到DEBUG、单元测试和 LINQPad 6 已经实证，不再研究。

Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjection 之二：使用诊断工具观察内存占用 对比了组件实例化前后的内存变化如下图，从第3次开始组件实例化的性能大幅提升。

在以上基础上得到作了小结：

Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjection 并非是银弹，它的便利性是一种空间换时间的典型，我们需要对以下情况有所了解：

• 重度使用依赖注入的大型项目启动过程相当之慢；
• 如果单次请求需要实例化的组件过多，前期请求的内存开销不可轻视；
• 由于实例化伴随着递归调用，过深的依赖将不可避免地导致堆栈溢出；

测试参数

Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjection 中抽象类Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ServiceLookuphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ServiceProviderEngine有以下实现

• Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ServiceLookuphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/CompiledServiceProviderEngine
• Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ServiceLookuphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DynamicServiceProviderEngine
• Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ServiceLookuphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ExpressionsServiceProviderEngine
• Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ServiceLookuphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/RuntimeServiceProviderEngine
• Microsofthttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Extensionshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ServiceLookuphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ILEmitServiceProviderEngine

RuntimeServiceProviderEngine 是对 ServiceProviderEngine 的原样继承可以忽略，ExpressionsServiceProviderEngine和CompiledServiceProviderEngine都是表达式树的使用也没有差异。ILEmitServiceProviderEngine是 emit 相关的实现。

从aspnet/DependencyInjection 获取到的分支release/2https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/1 后，提取到ServiceProviderEngine、CompiledServiceProviderEngine和ILEmitServiceProviderEngine等核心实现，再编写控制台程序，对依赖注入中反射、表达式树、emit 3种实现方式的开销和性能上进行探索。

程序使用启动参数控制组件实例化行为，并记录测试结果，以下是程序启动参数的解释。

-m|method

实例化方式，使用反射、表达式树与 Emit 参与了测试，分别对应：

• ref：使用反射实例化组件，实质是对 CallSiteRuntimeResolver 的调用；
• exp：使用表达式树实例化组件，实质是对 ExpressionResolverBuilder 的调用；
• emit：使用 emit 实例化组件，实质是对 ILEmitResolverBuilder 的调用；

Action<Type, Boolean> handle = default;if (method == "ref"){    handle = GetRefService;}else if (method == "exp"){    handle = GetExpService;}else if (method == "emit"){    handle = GetEmitService;}

-t|target

实例化目标，使用选取以下两种，配合参数 -n|number 使用

• foo：使用 IFoo_{n} 作为实例化目标，已定义了 IFoo_0、IFoo_1、IFoo_2 至 IFoo_9999 共1万个接口与对应实现
• bar：使用 IBar_{n} 作为实例化目标，只定义了 IBar_100、IBar_1000、IBar_5000、IBar_10000 共4个接口，每个实现均以 IFoo 作为构造函数的参数，
  • IBar_100：使用 IFoo_0、IFoo_1 至 IFoo_99 作为构造函数参数；
  • IBar_1000：使用 IFoo_0、IFoo_1 至 IFoo_999 作为构造函数参数；
  • IBar_5000：使用 IFoo_0、IFoo_1 至 IFoo_4999 作为构造函数参数；
  • IBar_10000：使用 IFoo_0、IFoo_1 至 IFoo_9999 作为构造函数参数；

该部分同 大量接口与实现类的生成 一样仍然使用脚本生成。

-n|number

帮助指示实例化的目标及数量

• 100：target = foo 为从 IFoo_0、IFoo_1 至 IFoo_100 共100个接口，target =bar 则仅为 IBar_100；
• 1000：target = foo 为从 IFoo_0、IFoo_1 至 IFoo_1000 共1000个接口，target = bar 则仅为 IBar_1000；
• 5000：target = foo 为从 IFoo_0、IFoo_1 至 IFoo_5000 共5000个接口，target =bar 则仅为 IBar_5000；
• 10000：target = foo 为从 IFoo_0、IFoo_1 至 IFoo_10000 共10000个接口，target =bar 则仅为 IBar_10000；

-c|cache

缓存行为，cache = false 时每次都构建委托，cache = true 则把构建委托缓存起来重复使用。GetRefService()实现如下，GetExpService()和GetEmitService()相似。

static void GetRefService(Type type, Boolean cache){    var site = _expEnginehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/CallSiteFactoryhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/CreateCallSite(type, new CallSiteChain());    Func<ServiceProviderEngineScope, object> func;    if (cache)    {        func = _expEnginehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/RealizedServiceshttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/GetOrAdd(type, scope => _expEnginehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/RuntimeResolverhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Resolve(site, scope));    }    else    {        func = scope => _expEnginehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/RuntimeResolverhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Resolve(site, scope);        _expEnginehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/RealizedServices[type] = func;    }    if (func == null)    {        _loggerhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Warn("Cache miss");        return;    }    var obj = func(_expEnginehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Root);    if (obj == null)    {        throw new NotImplementedException();    }}

-l|loop

重复执行若干次，每次均记录测试时长

static void TestBar(Action<Type, Boolean> handle, String method, Boolean cache, Type type){    _watchhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Restart();    handle(type, cache);    _watchhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Stop();    _loggerhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Info("method {0}, cache {1}, target {2}, cost {3}",        method, cache, typehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Name, _watchhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/ElapsedMilliseconds);}https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/TestBar(handle, method, false, number);for (int i = 1; i < loop; i++){    TestBar(handle, method, cache, number);}

由于本测试的重点是对比使用反射、表达式树与 emit 的性能与开销，故程序启动后首先遍历 ServiceCollection 对每个组件调用 CallSiteFactoryhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/CreateCallSite(Type serviceType)，确保组件的上下文已经被创建和缓存。

启动测试

对以上参数进行组合，得到以下启动方式，测试结果异步写入日志文件供后续解析。

# 启用委托缓存行为，实例化以 IFoo_ 作为命名前缀注入的服务https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t foo -c true -n 100 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t foo -c true -n 1000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t foo -c true -n 5000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t foo -c true -n 10000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t foo -c true -n 100 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t foo -c true -n 1000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t foo -c true -n 5000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t foo -c true -n 10000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t foo -c true -n 100 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t foo -c true -n 1000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t foo -c true -n 5000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t foo -c true -n 10000 -l 100# 禁用委托缓存行为，实例化以 IFoo_ 作为命名前缀注入的服务https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t foo -c false -n 100 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t foo -c false -n 1000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t foo -c false -n 5000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t foo -c false -n 10000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t foo -c false -n 100 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t foo -c false -n 1000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t foo -c false -n 5000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t foo -c false -n 10000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t foo -c false -n 100 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t foo -c false -n 1000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t foo -c false -n 5000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t foo -c false -n 10000 -l 50# 启用委托缓存行为，实例化 IBar_100、IBar_1000、IBar_5000、IBar_10000https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t bar -c true -n 100 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t bar -c true -n 1000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t bar -c true -n 5000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t bar -c true -n 10000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t bar -c true -n 100 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t bar -c true -n 1000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t bar -c true -n 5000 -l 100# https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t bar -c true -n 10000 -l 100 # 请求无法完成，抛出 IL 相关异常https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t bar -c true -n 100 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t bar -c true -n 1000 -l 100https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t bar -c true -n 5000 -l 100# https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t bar -c true -n 10000 -l 100 # 请求无法完成，抛出 IL 相关异常# 禁用委托缓存行为，实例化 IBar_100、IBar_1000、IBar_5000、IBar_10000https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t bar -c false -n 100 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t bar -c false -n 1000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t bar -c false -n 5000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m ref -t bar -c false -n 10000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t bar -c false -n 100 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t bar -c false -n 1000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t bar -c false -n 5000 -l 50# https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m exp -t bar -c false -n 10000 -l 50 # 请求无法完成，抛出 IL 相关异常https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t bar -c false -n 100 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t bar -c false -n 1000 -l 50https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t bar -c false -n 5000 -l 50# https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG//LeoninewAxehttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Scaffoldhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/DependencyInjectionhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/Apphttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/exe -m emit -t bar -c false -n 10000 -l 50 # 请求无法完成，抛出 IL 相关异常

值得一提的是，表达式树和 emit 均无法完成 IBar_10000 的实例化，执行中抛出相同异常 "Systemhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/InvalidProgramException: The JIT compiler encountered invalid IL code or an internal limitationhttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/"

测试结果

使用 LINQPad 编写脚本解析日志，对解析结果使用 Excel 透视作表，得到耗时平均值与标准差。

对于本测试使用到的以 IFoo_ 和 IBar_ 作为命名前缀的接口来说：

• 1万余接口的注入时间为 10s 左右；
• 1万余接口的组件的上下文创建时间在 0https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/6s 左右；
• 开启委托缓存时，所有实例化方式都能获益；
• 所有方式实例化 IBar_N 均比实例化 IFoo_0 至 IFoo_N 快非常多；

反射

• 对缓存不敏感（控制台为 dotnet 3https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/0 版本）；
• 组件数量增长时，内存使用平稳，完成10000个 IFoo 实例化完成后进程内存增长 49https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/1MB-35https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/9MB=13https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/2MB；

表达式树

• 随着组件数量增长，对缓存越发敏感；
• 内存需求增长，完成10000个 IFoo 实例化后进程内存增长75https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/7MB-35https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/9MB=39https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/8MB；
• 实例化依赖众多的组件时，在缓存下的耗时几乎忽略；

Emit 与表达式差异不大

• 同表达式树对缓存敏感
• 内存需求增长，完成10000个 IFoo 实例化后进程内存增长77https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/7MB-35https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/9MB=41https://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/8MB；
• 耗时更不稳定

开销对比

对比1：开启缓存，实例化 IFoo_ 相关组件

对比2：开启缓存，实例化 IBar_ 相关组件

表达树与 emit 方式均无法完成实例化 IBar_10000

对比3：关闭缓存，实例化 IFoo_ 相关组件

对比4：关闭缓存，实例化 IBar_ 相关组件

表达树与 emit 方式均无法完成实例化 IBar_10000

相对于使用反射来说，不开启缓存时表达式树和 emit 既慢内存消耗又高——无论是实例化 IFoo_ 相关组件还是 IBar_ 相关组件，它们均达到更高的内存占用，又频繁地触发 GC，最终 CPU 使用率居高不下。

测试中未使用 GChttps://www.shuzhiduo.com/A/kmzL3kGbdG/SuppressFinalize()处理实例化得到的组件，大量的 IFoo_ 实例回收影响判断，IBar_ 没有这个问题故放出截图。