Spring整合Quartz轻松完成定时任务

一、背景

　　上次我们介绍了如何使用Spring Task进行完成定时任务的编写，这次我们使用Spring整合Quartz的方式来再一次实现定时任务的开发，以下奉上开发步骤及注意事项等。

二、开发环境及必须jar包依赖

1.开发环境

Spring 4.2.6.RELEASE
Maven 3.3.9
JDK 1.7
Idea 15.04

2.必不可少jar包依赖

 <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
    <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.1</version>
 </dependency>

三、开发步骤

【1】.基于特定基类

　1.　编写任务类，该类需要继承自QuartzJobBean

 1 package com.hafiz.www.cron;
 2
 3 import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
 4 import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
 5 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 6 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 7 import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
 8
 9 /**
10  * Desc:第二个基于Spring Quartz的定时任务
11  * Created by hafiz.zhang on 2016/12/11.
12  */
13 public class SecondCron extends QuartzJobBean {
14     private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SecondCron.class);
15     private Integer timeout;
16
17     //调度工厂实例化后，经过timeout时间开始执行调度
18     public void setTimeout(Integer timeout) {
19         this.timeout = timeout;
20     }
21
22     @Override
23     protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
24         logger.info("定时任务2进行中.......");
25         // do something else
26     }
27 }

2.在spring配置文件中配置作业类JobDetailFactoryBean、作业调度的触发方式（触发器）、调度工厂

 1 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 2        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 3        xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
 4        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 5         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
 6         http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd">
 7
 8     <bean name="secondCron" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean">
 9         <property name="jobClass" value="com.hafiz.www.cron.SecondCron"/>
10         <property name="jobDataAsMap">
11             <map>
12                 <entry key="timeout" value="0"/>
13             </map>
14         </property>
15     </bean>
16
17     <!--按照一定频率的触发器-->
18     <!--<bean id="simpleTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean">
19         <property name="jobDetail" ref="secondCron"/>
20         <property name="startDelay" value="0"/>
21         <property name="repeatInterval" value="2000"/>
22     </bean>-->
23
24     <!--Cron表达式触发器-->
25     <bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
26         <property name="jobDetail" ref="secondCron"/>
27         <property name="cronExpression" value="0/5 * * * * ?"/>
28     </bean>
29
30     <!--配置调度工厂-->
31     <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
32         <property name="triggers">
33             <list>
34                 <!--<ref bean="simpleTrigger"/>-->
35                 <ref bean="cronTrigger"/>
36             </list>
37         </property>
38     </bean>
39 </beans>

注意：

　　1).org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean有两个属性.

　　　　jobClass属性即我们在java代码中定义的任务类.

　　　　jobDataAsMap属性即该任务类中需要注入的属性值.

　　2).Quartz的作业触发器有两种(两种任选其一就行)

　　　　org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean:只支持按照一定频度调用任务，如每隔30分钟运行一次.

　　　　org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean:支持到指定时间运行一次，如每天12:00运行一次等.

　　　　关于第二种触发器的Cron表达式，请参见另一篇博客：摆脱Spring 定时任务的@Scheduled cron表达式的困扰

　　3).org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean的参数triggers指定的就是之前配置的触发器的名字.

　　　　3.运行结果

【2】.不基于特定的基类

　1.编写任务调度类

package com.hafiz.www.cron;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /**
  * Desc:基于Spring整合Quartz进行完成定时任务
  * Created by hafiz.zhang on 2016/12/11.
  */
public class ThirdCron {
     private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ThirdCron.class);
     public void executeJob() {
         logger.info("定时任务3进行中.......");
         // do something else
     }
}

2.在spring配置文件中配置作业类MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean、作业调度的触发方式（触发器）、调度工厂

 1 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 2        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 3        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 4         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd">
 5
 6     <bean name="thirdCron" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
 7         <property name="targetObject">
 8             <bean class="com.hafiz.www.cron.ThirdCron"/>
 9         </property>
10         <property name="targetMethod" value="executeJob"/>
11         <!--作业不并发调度-->
12         <property name="concurrent" value="false"/>
13     </bean>
14
15     <!--按照一定频率的触发器-->
16     <!--<bean id="simpleTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean">
17         <property name="jobDetail" ref="thirdCron"/>
18         <property name="startDelay" value="0"/>
19         <property name="repeatInterval" value="2000"/>
20     </bean>-->
21
22     <!--Cron表达式触发器-->
23     <bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
24         <property name="jobDetail" ref="thirdCron"/>
25         <property name="cronExpression" value="0/5 * * * * ?"/>
26     </bean>
27
28     <!--配置调度工厂-->
29     <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
30         <property name="triggers">
31             <list>
32                 <!--<ref bean="simpleTrigger"/>-->
33                 <ref bean="cronTrigger"/>
34             </list>
35         </property>
36     </bean>
37 </beans>