首页 技术 正文
技术 2022年11月15日
0 收藏 592 点赞 2,783 浏览 15806 个字

http://www.cnblogs.com/oudi/archive/2012/03/22/2411509.html

最近在看android关于定位的方式,查了很多资料,也做了相关实验,在手机上做了测试,下面总结:

一共有三种定位方式,一种是GPS,一种是通过网络的方式,一种则是在基于基站的方式,但是,不管哪种方式,都需要开启网络或者GPS

首先添加权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>

在COARSE_LOCATION是用于基站定位的时候用的,没有这个权限,在获取getCellLocation的时候报错。

第一种方式通过JASON来实现,是通过基站方式的,引用文章地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/dartagnan/archive/2011/3/9.html,下载只是实现定位的代码

android 三种定位方式

/** 
* Google定位的实现.<br/>
* Geolocation的详细信息请参见:<br/>
* <a
* href="http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" mce_href="http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
* http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html</a>
*/
public class LocationAct extends Activity {
private TextView txtInfo;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStart);
txtInfo = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtInfo);
btn.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View view) {
getLocation();
}
});
}
private void getLocation() {
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
GsmCellLocation gsmCell = (GsmCellLocation) tm.getCellLocation();
int cid = gsmCell.getCid();
int lac = gsmCell.getLac();
String netOperator = tm.getNetworkOperator();
int mcc = Integer.valueOf(netOperator.substring(0, 3));
int mnc = Integer.valueOf(netOperator.substring(3, 5));
JSONObject holder = new JSONObject();
JSONArray array = new JSONArray();
JSONObject data = new JSONObject();
try {
holder.put("version", "1.1.0");
holder.put("host", "maps.google.com");
holder.put("address_language", "zh_CN");
holder.put("request_address", true);
holder.put("radio_type", "gsm");
holder.put("carrier", "HTC");
data.put("cell_id", cid);
data.put("location_area_code", lac);
data.put("mobile_countyr_code", mcc);
data.put("mobile_network_code", mnc);
array.put(data);
holder.put("cell_towers", array);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.google.com/loc/json");
StringEntity stringEntity = null;
try {
stringEntity = new StringEntity(holder.toString());
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
HttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = httpEntity.getContent();
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(isr);
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
try {
String result = "";
while ((result = reader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuffer.append(result);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
txtInfo.setText(stringBuffer.toString());
}
}

android 三种定位方式

第二种通过严格的GPS来定位,引用文章地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/wisekingokok/archive/2011/09/06/2168479.html,这里只引用代码

android 三种定位方式

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private LocationManager locationManager;
private GpsStatus gpsstatus;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main); //获取到LocationManager对象
locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE); //根据设置的Criteria对象,获取最符合此标准的provider对象
String currentProvider = locationManager.getProvider(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER).getName(); //根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息
Location currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
//如果位置信息为null,则请求更新位置信息
if(currentLocation == null){
locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider, 0, 0, locationListener);
}
//增加GPS状态监听器
locationManager.addGpsStatusListener(gpsListener); //直到获得最后一次位置信息为止,如果未获得最后一次位置信息,则显示默认经纬度
//每隔10秒获取一次位置信息
while(true){
currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
if(currentLocation != null){
Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + currentLocation.getLatitude());
Log.d("Location", "location: " + currentLocation.getLongitude());
break;
}else{
Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + 0);
Log.d("Location", "location: " + 0);
}
try {
Thread.sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Log.e("Location", e.getMessage());
}
}
} private GpsStatus.Listener gpsListener = new GpsStatus.Listener(){
//GPS状态发生变化时触发
@Override
public void onGpsStatusChanged(int event) {
//获取当前状态
gpsstatus=locationManager.getGpsStatus(null);
switch(event){
//第一次定位时的事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_FIRST_FIX:
break;
//开始定位的事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STARTED:
break;
//发送GPS卫星状态事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Iterable<GpsSatellite> allSatellites = gpsstatus.getSatellites();
Iterator<GpsSatellite> it=allSatellites.iterator();
int count = 0;
while(it.hasNext())
{
count++;
}
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Satellite Count:" + count, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
//停止定位事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STOPPED:
Log.d("Location", "GPS_EVENT_STOPPED");
break;
}
}
}; //创建位置监听器
private LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener(){
//位置发生改变时调用
@Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged");
} //provider失效时调用
@Override
public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
Log.d("Location", "onProviderDisabled");
} //provider启用时调用
@Override
public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
Log.d("Location", "onProviderEnabled");
} //状态改变时调用
@Override
public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
Log.d("Location", "onStatusChanged");
}
};
}

android 三种定位方式

第三种主要是通过网络的方式来定位,引用文章地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/wisekingokok/archive/2011/09/05/2167755.html,这里只写代码

android 三种定位方式

package com.test; import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List; import android.app.Activity;
import android.location.Address;
import android.location.Criteria;
import android.location.Geocoder;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main); //获取到LocationManager对象
LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
//创建一个Criteria对象
Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
//设置粗略精确度
criteria.setAccuracy(Criteria.ACCURACY_COARSE);
//设置是否需要返回海拔信息
criteria.setAltitudeRequired(false);
//设置是否需要返回方位信息
criteria.setBearingRequired(false);
//设置是否允许付费服务
criteria.setCostAllowed(true);
//设置电量消耗等级
criteria.setPowerRequirement(Criteria.POWER_HIGH);
//设置是否需要返回速度信息
criteria.setSpeedRequired(false); //根据设置的Criteria对象,获取最符合此标准的provider对象
String currentProvider = locationManager.getBestProvider(criteria, true);
Log.d("Location", "currentProvider: " + currentProvider);
//根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息
Location currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
//如果位置信息为null,则请求更新位置信息
if(currentLocation == null){
locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider, 0, 0, locationListener);
}
//直到获得最后一次位置信息为止,如果未获得最后一次位置信息,则显示默认经纬度
//每隔10秒获取一次位置信息
while(true){
currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
if(currentLocation != null){
Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + currentLocation.getLatitude());
Log.d("Location", "location: " + currentLocation.getLongitude());
break;
}else{
Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + 0);
Log.d("Location", "location: " + 0);
}
try {
Thread.sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Log.e("Location", e.getMessage());
}
} //解析地址并显示
Geocoder geoCoder = new Geocoder(this);
try {
int latitude = (int) currentLocation.getLatitude();
int longitude = (int) currentLocation.getLongitude();
List<Address> list = geoCoder.getFromLocation(latitude, longitude, 2);
for(int i=0; i<list.size(); i++){
Address address = list.get(i);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, address.getCountryName() + address.getAdminArea() + address.getFeatureName(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} } //创建位置监听器
private LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener(){
//位置发生改变时调用
@Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged");
Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged Latitude" + location.getLatitude());
Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged location" + location.getLongitude());
} //provider失效时调用
@Override
public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
Log.d("Location", "onProviderDisabled");
} //provider启用时调用
@Override
public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
Log.d("Location", "onProviderEnabled");
} //状态改变时调用
@Override
public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
Log.d("Location", "onStatusChanged");
}
};
}

android 三种定位方式 另外 有 http://www.jb51.net/article/52676.htm

android 定位一般有四种方法,这四种方式分别是:GPS定位,WIFI定准,基站定位,AGPS定位,
                             
(1)Android GPS:需要GPS硬件支持,直接和卫星交互来获取当前经纬度,这种方式需要手机支持GPS模块(现在大部分的智能机应该都有了)。通过GPS方式准确度是最高的,但是它的缺点也非常明显:1,比较耗电;2,绝大部分用户默认不开启GPS模块;3,从GPS模块启动到获取第一次定位数据,可能需要比较长的时间;4,室内几乎无法使用。这其中,缺点2,3都是比较致命的。需要指出的是,GPS走的是卫星通信的通道,在没有网络连接的情况下也能用。
                             
要实用Adnroid平台的GPS设备,首先需要添加上权限,所以需要添加如下权限:

?

1 uses-permission android:name= android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION  /uses-permission

具体实现代码如下:

首先判断GPS模块是否存在或者是开启:

?

12345678910111213 private voidopenGPSSettings() {            LocationManager alm = (LocationManager)this               .getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);            if (alm               .isProviderEnabled(android.location.LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {              Toast.makeText(this, GPS模块正常 ,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)                  .show();              return;            }             Toast.makeText(this, 请开启GPS! ,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            Intent intent = newIntent(Settings.ACTION_SECURITY_SETTINGS);           startActivityForResult(intent,0); //此为设置完成后返回到获取界面          }

如果开启正常,则会直接进入到显示页面,如果开启不正常,则会进行到GPS设置页面:
                            
获取代码如下:

?

12345678910111213141516171819 private voidgetLocation()          {            // 获取位置管理服务            LocationManager locationManager;            String serviceName = Context.LOCATION_SERVICE;            locationManager = (LocationManager)this.getSystemService(serviceName);            // 查找到服务信息            Criteria criteria = new Criteria();           criteria.setAccuracy(Criteria.ACCURACY_FINE); // 高精度            criteria.setAltitudeRequired(false);            criteria.setBearingRequired(false);            criteria.setCostAllowed(true);           criteria.setPowerRequirement(Criteria.POWER_LOW); // 低功耗            String provider =locationManager.getBestProvider(criteria, true); // 获取GPS信息            Location location =locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(provider); // 通过GPS获取位置            updateToNewLocation(location);            // 设置监听*器,自动更新的最小时间为间隔N秒(1秒为1*1000,这样写主要为了方便)或最小位移变化超过N米            locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(provider,100 * 1000, 500,                locationListener);  }

到这里就可以获取到地理位置信息了,但是还是要显示出来,那么就用下面的方法进行显示:
                           
代码

?

1234567891011 private voidupdateToNewLocation(Location location) {            TextView tv1;            tv1 = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.tv1);            if (location != null) {              double latitude = location.getLatitude();              double longitude=location.getLongitude();              tv1.setText( 维度: + latitude+ \n经度 +longitude);            } else {              tv1.setText( 无法获取地理信息 );            }          }

(2)Android 基站定位:Android 基站定位只要明白了基站/WIFI定位的原理,自己实现基站/WIFI定位其实不难。基站定位一般有几种,第一种是利用手机附近的三个基站进行三角定位,由于每个基站的位置是固定的,利用电磁波在这三个基站间中转所需要时间来算出手机所在的坐标;第二种则是利用获取最近的基站的信息,其中包括基站 id,location area code、mobile country code、mobile network code和信号强度,将这些数据发送到google的定位web服务里,就能拿到当前所在的位置信息,误差一般在几十米到几百米之内。其中信号强度这个数据很重要,
                            
               这里笔者就不多做解释了,直接给出一个文章,这个文章写的非常好,
                            
               http://www.jb51.net/article/34522.htm
                             
(3)Android Wifi定位:根据一个固定的WifiMAC地址,通过收集到的该Wifi热点的位置,然后访问网络上的定位服务以获得经纬度坐标。因为它和基站定位其实都需要使用网络,所以在Android也统称为Network方式。
               
代码:

?

12345678910111213141516171819202122 public classWiFiInfoManager implements Serializable {          private static final long serialVersionUID= -4582739827003032383L;          private Context context;          public WiFiInfoManager(Context context) {            super();            this.context = context;          }          public WifiInfo getWifiInfo() {            WifiManager manager = (WifiManager)context               .getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);            WifiInfo info = new WifiInfo();            info.mac =manager.getConnectionInfo().getBSSID();            Log.i( TAG , WIFI MACis: + info.mac);            return info;          }          public class WifiInfo {            public String mac;            public WifiInfo() {              super();            }          }        }

上面是取到WIFI的mac地址的方法,下面是把地址发送给google服务器,代码如下

?

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960 public staticLocation getWIFILocation(WifiInfo wifi) {            if (wifi == null) {              Log.i( TAG , wifiis null. );              return null;            }            DefaultHttpClient client = newDefaultHttpClient();            HttpPost post = new HttpPost( http://www.google.com/loc/json );            JSONObject holder = new JSONObject();            try {              holder.put( version , 1.1.0 );              holder.put( host , maps.google.com );              JSONObject data;              JSONArray array = new JSONArray();              if (wifi.mac != null  wifi.mac.trim().length()  0) {                data = new JSONObject();               data.put( mac_address , wifi.mac);               data.put( signal_strength , 8);                data.put( age , 0);                array.put(data);              }              holder.put( wifi_towers ,array);              Log.i( TAG , request json: + holder.toString());              StringEntity se = newStringEntity(holder.toString());              post.setEntity(se);              HttpResponse resp =client.execute(post);              int state =resp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();              if (state == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {                HttpEntity entity =resp.getEntity();                if (entity != null) {                  BufferedReader br = newBufferedReader(                      newInputStreamReader(entity.getContent()));                  StringBuffer sb = newStringBuffer();                  String resute = ;                  while ((resute =br.readLine()) != null) {                    sb.append(resute);                  }                  br.close();                  Log.i( TAG , response json: + sb.toString());                  data = newJSONObject(sb.toString());                  data = (JSONObject)data.get( location );                  Location loc = newLocation(                     android.location.LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);                  loc.setLatitude((Double)data.get( latitude ));                  loc.setLongitude((Double)data.get( longitude ));                 loc.setAccuracy(Float.parseFloat(data.get( accuracy )                      .toString()));                  loc.setTime(System.currentTimeMillis());                  return loc;                } else {                  return null;                }              } else {                Log.v( TAG , state + );                return null;              }            } catch (Exception e) {              Log.e( TAG ,e.getMessage());              return null;            }          }

(3.1)而WIFI定位与基站定位的结合,笔者也在网上找到一个很好的文章,笔者对此就不做任何解释,直接给出网址:
                           
               http://www.jb51.net/article/52673.htm

4. AGPS定位

AGPS(AssistedGPS:辅助全球卫星定位系统)是结合GSM或GPRS与传统卫星定位,利用基地台代送辅助卫星信息,以缩减GPS芯片获取卫星信号的延迟时间,受遮盖的室内也能借基地台讯号弥补,减轻GPS芯片对卫星的依赖度。和纯GPS、基地台三角定位比较,AGPS能提供范围更广、更省电、速度更快的定位服务,理想误差范围在10公尺以内,日本和美国都已经成熟运用AGPS于LBS服务(Location Based Service,基于位置的服务)。AGPS技术是一种结合了网络基站信息和GPS信息对移动台进行定位的技术,可以在GSM/GPRS、WCDMA和CDMA2000网络中使进行用。该技术需要在手机内增加GPS接收机模块,并改造手机的天线,同时要在移动网络上加建位置服务器、差分GPS基准站等设备。AGPS解决方案的优势主要体现在其定位精度上,在室外等空旷地区,其精度在正常的GPS工作环境下,可以达到10米左右,堪称目前定位精度最高的一种定位技术。该技术的另一优点为:首次捕获GPS信号的时间一般仅需几秒,不像GPS的首次捕获时间可能要2~3分钟

相关推荐
python开发_常用的python模块及安装方法
adodb:我们领导推荐的数据库连接组件bsddb3:BerkeleyDB的连接组件Cheetah-1.0:我比较喜欢这个版本的cheeta…
日期:2022-11-24 点赞:878 阅读:9,082
Educational Codeforces Round 11 C. Hard Process 二分
C. Hard Process题目连接:http://www.codeforces.com/contest/660/problem/CDes…
日期:2022-11-24 点赞:807 阅读:5,556
下载Ubuntn 17.04 内核源代码
zengkefu@server1:/usr/src$ uname -aLinux server1 4.10.0-19-generic #21…
日期:2022-11-24 点赞:569 阅读:6,406
可用Active Desktop Calendar V7.86 注册码序列号
可用Active Desktop Calendar V7.86 注册码序列号Name: www.greendown.cn Code: &nb…
日期:2022-11-24 点赞:733 阅读:6,179
Android调用系统相机、自定义相机、处理大图片
Android调用系统相机和自定义相机实例本博文主要是介绍了android上使用相机进行拍照并显示的两种方式,并且由于涉及到要把拍到的照片显…
日期:2022-11-24 点赞:512 阅读:7,815
Struts的使用
一、Struts2的获取  Struts的官方网站为:http://struts.apache.org/  下载完Struts2的jar包,…
日期:2022-11-24 点赞:671 阅读:4,898